CLOCK MECHANISM. “The circadian clock is driven by an autoregulatory feedback loop. CLOCK and BMAL1 form a heterodimer that induces expression of Per and Cry through E-box enhancers. PER and CRY proteins accumulate in the cytoplasm throughout the circadian day. CK GENES. “Upon reaching critical levels, PER and CRY form a complex that translocates back to the nucleus to associate with CLOCK and BMAL1 and repress their own transcription. This process takes approximately 24 hours to complete a full cycle.”
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