Month: September 2022

DISADVANTAGE #3. "In highly clonal populations in which sexual reproduction is very limited or absent, there is growing evidence that the accumulation of somatic mutations may result in reductions in fertility, potentially leading to the loss of sex." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

FLEXIBLE OPTIONS. "Plant clonality is manifested by a range of growth strategies involving variation in the spatial arrangement of ramets within a clone (clonal architecture) and diverse organs of propagation. The organs vary in the extent to which they are capable of establishing an autonomous existence and function in regeneration, multiplication, and dispersal." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

CLONAL DISTANCE. "Tillers, corms, bulbs, rhizomes, and tubers are usually produced relatively close to the parent plant. In contrast, stolons, runners, and bulbils usually result in ramets located at further distances from the parent plant. This variation gives rise to different levels of clonal aggregation within populations and has led to the identification of two contrasting clonal strategies that differ in the degree of intermingling of clones." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

SEXUAL POLYMORPHISMS. "Many flowering plants possess sexual polymorphisms in which populations are composed of different mating types." https://lnkd.in/dWczCFf View in LinkedIn

POLYMORPHISM #1. "The most common is homomorphic self-incompatibility, in which the mating types are morphologically indistinguishable and numerous." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

POLYMORPHISM #2. "A second class of polymorphism involves species in which mating types are morphologically distinct and field observations can reveal their number and frequency in populations." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

POLYMORPHISM #3. "Heterostyly and dioecy are the best-known sexual polymorphism of this type, with heterostylous populations usually composed of two (distyly) or three (tristyly) style morphs, and dioecious populations composed of female and male plants." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

HETEROSTYLY DEFINED. “Heterostyly is a unique form of polymorphism and herkogamy in flowers. In a heterostylous species, two or three morphological types of flowers, termed "morphs", exist in the population. On each individual plant, all flowers share the same morph. The flower morphs differ in the lengths of the pistil and stamens, and these traits are not continuous.” https://lnkd.in/dBgeGam View in LinkedIn

“HERKOGAMY is a common strategy employed by hermaphroditic angiosperms to reduce sexual interference between male (anthers) and female (stigma) function. Herkogamy differs from other such strategies (e.g. dichogamy) by supplying a spatial separation of the anthers and stigma.” https://lnkd.in/dAT6_q2 View in LinkedIn

HETEROSTYLY AND SELF. “The morph phenotype is genetically linked to genes responsible for a unique system of self-incompatibility, termed heteromorphic self-incompatibility, that is, the pollen from a flower on one morph cannot fertilize another flower of the same morph.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterostyly View in LinkedIn