Month: September 2022

COSMIC IMPACT. “The current magnitudes that are a potential risk for a power transmission system are highly dependent on transformer design and on other engineering details of the network. This means that any space weather hazard assessment must include the details of the engineering solutions in the estimates.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

COSMIC DRIVERS. “Electron radiation belt climatology has shown that the entire outer radiation zone tends to vary in a relatively coherent way under the influence of major external drivers (high-speed solar wind streams, CMEs, magnetic clouds).” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

OBSERVABILITY. “Thus, it is possible to use the gross behavior of the outer zone electron population on day timescales using a single or a few satellites only.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

EARLY WARNINGS. “Prediction schemes have been developed based on a combination of earlier values of radiation belt fluxes, and past and present solar wind parameters. When these conditions are compared against a database of earlier driver-effect events, the closest comparison event can be used as a forecast of what lies 24–48 hours ahead.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

WARNING SYSTEM. “Coronal mass ejection occurrence is routinely recorded and their travel direction determined from solar coronagraph data. Space weather warnings are given for those ICME events that propagate in a direction that probably will lead to encounter with the Earth’s space environment.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

CRITICAL VARIABLE. “However, the effects in the near-Earth environment critically depend on the polarity of the magnetic cloud, i.e., whether the magnetic field rotates from north to south or vice versa.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE for this and next weekend features an interesting article entitled, ‘From molecular to modular cell biology’, by Leland H. Hartwell, John J. Hopfield, Stanislas Leibler & Andrew W. Murray. It is well known that some lateral genetic transfer and engulfment events or the endosymbiosis theory of Lynn Margulis led to whole cassettes of foreign genes being imported into cells. And it is well known that modularity is very important in living systems as an efficient building strategy. Enjoy this string on metabolic modularity. https://www.nature.com/articles/35011540 View in LinkedIn

THE THESIS. “Cellular functions, such as signal transmission, are carried out by ‘modules’ made up of many species of interacting molecules.” https://www.nature.com/articles/35011540 View in LinkedIn