Month: September 2022

PHARMA NOT INCENTIVIZED. "From a strictly business standpoint, the terrible thing about antibiotics is they cure people ... That’s not a model for a highly lucrative pharmaceutical product — you want a product that has to be taken for a long, long time.” (Or that is properly incentivized by the government). http://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/213011-cdc-director-warns-of-post-antibiotic-era View in LinkedIn

LANDMARK CDC REPORT ON ANTIBIOTICS. "The CDC describes an infectious disease landscape in which 2 million people in the United States are sickened annually with antibiotic-resistant infections. The report estimates that at least 23,000 people a year die from antibiotic-resistant infections. Dr. Frieden emphasized that these numbers are very conservative estimates." http://lnkd.in/dRRu8Jq View in LinkedIn

C. DIFFICILE INFECTIONS. "The report quantifies the effects of antibiotic use on the number of illnesses and deaths resulting from Clostridium difficile infections. The report estimates that at a minimum, 250,000 illnesses and 14,000 deaths from C difficile are directly related to antibiotic use and resistance." Note: phage therapy has been especially valuable for C. difficile infections. http://lnkd.in/dRRu8Jq View in LinkedIn

LOSS OF ANTIBIOTICS. "Two years ago, 25,000 Europeans died of bacterial infections that were resistant to antibiotics." Post-antibiotics means no transplants, chemotherapy for cancer is much more dangerous, dangerous burst appendix surgery, pneumonia and are gonorrhea are serious, and TB is incurable. Elders will be vulnerable to minor infections. http://lnkd.in/dXnPGFj View in LinkedIn

FOOD ANIMAL ANTIBIOTICS: A ROOT CAUSE. "The World Health Organization concluded that inappropriate use of antibiotics in animal husbandry is an underlying contributor to the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant germs, and that the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feeds should be prohibited." http://lnkd.in/dN4CXhv View in LinkedIn

US/EU FOOD DEBATE. "Key differences exist in the way the United States and the European Union regulate agricultural and food production. In general, US policies tend to be more supply-driven, while EU policies are demand-driven, dominated by consumer concerns." http://www.agbioforum.org/v3n23/v3n23a03-haniotis.htm View in LinkedIn

US/EU FOOD DEBATE. "Thus, efficiency of production is the presiding goal in the US, where farm policy changes encourage production flexibility and export. In the EU, on the other hand, the orientation of agricultural policy reform provides incentives for lower output, and emphasis on quality aspects, both of products and of production methods." http://www.agbioforum.org/v3n23/v3n23a03-haniotis.htm View in LinkedIn

EUROPEAN BANS ANTIBIOTICS FOR FARM ANIMALS. "Although the European Union banned the use of antibiotics as a growth agent in 2006, its use has not changed much until recently. In 2011, the EU voted to ban the prophylactic use of antibiotics, alarmed at signs that the overuse of antibiotics is blunting their use for humans." http://lnkd.in/dNvSHr2 View in LinkedIn

MOST FEEDLOT ANTIBIOTICS EXCRETED. "A high proportion of antibiotics added to animal feed is excreted in urine or manure. In some cases, as much as 90% of the antibiotic administered orally may pass through the animal unchanged" and enter into the groundwater. Read this thorough review. http://lnkd.in/dwbfrwX View in LinkedIn

EXCRETED ANTIBIOTICS NOT DEGRADED. Most excreted antibiotics are not readily degraded, and are present at 100 to 1,000 fold below minimum inhibitory concentrations, except erythromycin and some sulfa drugs. http://lnkd.in/dwbfrwX View in LinkedIn