Month: September 2022

"PHOTOISOMERISM occurs at a remarkable rapid rate of

BLINDING SPEED OF PHOTOISOMERISM. "A femtosecond is the SI unit of time equal to 10(−15) or 1/1,000,000,000,000,000 of a second. That is one quadrillionth, or one millionth of one billionth, of a second. For context, a femtosecond is to a second as a second is to about 31.71 million years." https://lnkd.in/eA4zGTC View in LinkedIn

QUANTUM PHOTOISOMERISM. "The remarkable speed and efficiency of photoisomerization is thought to depend on trivial quantum effects that shape the mechanical positioning of electronic states of the retinal molecule; however, conceivably, quantum effects, particularly coherence, could play a role in phototransduction." https://lnkd.in/eTtJ_KE View in LinkedIn

SKEPTIC. "Although quantum biology is usually associated with non-trivial quantum properties, as evidenced in the complexities of photosynthesis and avian magnetoreception, evidence of quantum superposition effects in the natural retina is still lacking. It is proposed that in a large protein, such as rhodopsin, random fluctuations among the molecular degrees of freedom are expected to cancel out any superposition effects." https://lnkd.in/eTtJ_KE View in LinkedIn

CONFORMATIONAL QUANTUM SUPERPOSITION. "Recent studies, however, have shown the possibility of quantum superposition in bacteriorhodopsin, which is the equivalent light-detecting protein system to rhodopsin." https://lnkd.in/esUjh8H View in LinkedIn

"THE RETINA has prodigious energy demands. In the presence of oxygen, most of the cellular energy requirements are produced by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation involves a series of redox reactions where electrons are transferred to oxygen, releasing energy that is used to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP)." https://lnkd.in/eTtJ_KE View in LinkedIn

QUANTUM MITOCHONDRIAL REACTIONS. "The redox reactions take place in a series of protein complexes in the mitochondrial inner membrane known as the electron transport chain. Recently, it has been demonstrated that electrons are transferred in Complex 1 by quantum tunnelling." https://lnkd.in/eTtJ_KE View in LinkedIn

VISUAL RESTORATION using microbial rhodopsins and nanoelectronics in model systems for retinal implants: the fusion of biology and engineering. (See page 205). https://lnkd.in/eYHDkcZ View in LinkedIn

QUANTUM RESPONSIVE DEVICES. "It is envisaged that pathological retinal photorececeptors may exhibit distinctive quantum signatures that could be exploited by novel diagnostic devices." https://lnkd.in/eTtJ_KE View in LinkedIn

RHO-COMPUTING. "Shortly following the discovery of BR by Oesterhelt and Stoeckenius in 1971, Soviet scientists first recognized the potential of using this photoactive material in protein-based computing and processing applications." https://lnkd.in/eqeu6na View in LinkedIn