Month: September 2022

DNA BREAKS can occur in S phase of cell cycle at a rate of ~10 breaks per cell. Not including chemical and radiation forms of DNA damage. https://lnkd.in/eDr47d6 View in LinkedIn

FIDELITY MEASURES. "During a cell division, genomic instability is minimized by four major mechanisms: high-fidelity DNA replication in S-phase, precise chromosome segregation in mitosis, error free repair of sporadic DNA damage, and a coordinated cell cycle progression." https://lnkd.in/bam9PGn View in LinkedIn

NEXTGEN. "The ultimate goal of cell division for most non-cancerous somatic cells is to accurately duplicate the genome and then evenly divide the duplicated genome into the two daughter cells. This ensures that the daughter cells will have exactly the same genetic material as their parent cell." https://lnkd.in/bam9PGn View in LinkedIn

SINGULAR EVENT. "In the S-phase, the entire genomic DNA is accurately duplicated once and only once per cell cycle. Any tendency for errors in this process would constitute genomic instability." https://lnkd.in/bam9PGn View in LinkedIn

MITOSIS. "Once the DNA and chromosomes are duplicated in S-phase, the next critical phase in cell division susceptible to genomic instability is mitosis. During mitosis, the sister chromatids are equally distributed in the daughter cells." https://lnkd.in/bam9PGn View in LinkedIn

CONSTANT INSTABILITY THREATS. "Throughout the cell cycle, the genome encounters various forms of spontaneous and induced DNA damages." https://lnkd.in/bam9PGn View in LinkedIn

THE GATEKEEPERS. "The majority of DNA synthesis performed in a human cell is replication of the six billion nucleotide nuclear genome. The bulk of this polymerization is likely to be catalyzed by DNA polymerases δ, DNA polymerase ε, or both." https://lnkd.in/euw7dRD View in LinkedIn

CYCLE ORDERLINESS. "Because the cell division is conducted in an orderly manner, the progression of the cell cycle is highly coordinated. Premature entry of a cell into the next cell cycle phase would result in significant propensity for genomic alterations. Cell cycle checkpoints are built to ensure that progression from one phase to the next is under a condition of minimum risk of genomic alteration." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1535610803000278 View in LinkedIn

CELL CYCLE ORDER. "This is accomplished by delaying the entry into the next phase until the risk factors (such as DNA damage in G1/S/G2 phase, spindle abnormality prior to anaphase, etc.) are removed. Another important function of cell cycle checkpoint is to effectively trigger some processes (e.g. apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, and senescence) to eliminate the severely damaged or high risk cells from the dividing pool." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1535610803000278 View in LinkedIn

GENOME PROOFREADING REVIEW. This valuable and in-depth review covers the key points of genetic proofreading. https://lnkd.in/evDtEyU View in LinkedIn