Month: September 2022

DRASTIC ANNUAL RESTRUCTURING. "Thus, leaves of evergreen plants need to cope with the variation in environmental conditions, typical for the northern and alpine regions. In order to ensure the integrity of the photosynthetic apparatus, Scots pine needles undergo drastic seasonal structural and molecular changes at the photosystem level." https://lnkd.in/eYuQ_dT View in LinkedIn

RESTRUCTURING OPTIONS. "Some of the changes concern restructuring and changes in size of photon-capturing antennae, and some are related to modifications in the quantity of chlorophylls, non-photosynthetic pigments, photosystem II light harvesting complexes and reaction centres." https://lnkd.in/eYuQ_dT View in LinkedIn

THERMAL DISSIPATION. "Evergreen leaves also alter the energy partitioning at the photosystem level modifying the contribution of dynamic and sustainable thermal dissipation processes that are strongly regulated by light and temperature." View in LinkedIn

DAMAGE REDUCTION. "All these changes are meant to balance the partitioning of energy at the photosystem level between photochemical and non-photochemical processes, so the excitation pressure at the photosystem II and damage to reaction centres can be reduced." https://lnkd.in/eYuQ_dT View in LinkedIn

Plan bee: Minnesota sets broad limits on chemicals blamed for bee decline View in LinkedIn

DAMPING THE MACHINE. "Cold-acclimated conifer species such as Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies undergo a decrease in the efficiency of PSII (photoinhibition), which is assumed to provide a mechanism for thermal and radiative dissipation of excess excitation energy of the photosynthetic apparatus." https://lnkd.in/eqkRiKP View in LinkedIn

SCAVENGING TOXIC RADICALS. "Some cold-hardened species demonstrate a resistance to photoinhibition that may result from increased metabolism of active oxygen scavengers. Cold acclimatization has been associated with increased levels of ascorbate, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, ascorbate free radical reductase, glutathione, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase." https://lnkd.in/eqkRiKP View in LinkedIn

LARGE ENZYME BOOST. "Antioxidant metabolites in eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) needles increased two- to fourfold from the summer to the winter season. Antioxidant enzymes in needle tissue increased between 2 and 122 fold during this same period." https://lnkd.in/eqkRiKP View in LinkedIn

CHLOROPLAST DERIVED SCAVENGERS. "These metabolites and enzymes are all components of the chloroplast antioxidant system that functions in the scavenging of oxygen free radicals and H2O2. The antioxidant system also may to protect drought-stressed plants against oxidative damage during CO2-limiting carbon fixation." https://lnkd.in/eqkRiKP View in LinkedIn

PROGRAMMED SENESCENCE. "The observed reductions in the levels of methionine-related metabolites in the older needles also suggest a role in photosynthesis or responses to oxidative stress consistent with reported reductions in photosynthetic rates in older needles of P. pinaster." https://lnkd.in/evt9GfD View in LinkedIn