linkedin post 2016-09-29 05:40:18
EXAPTATION. "Some pseudogenes have been co-opted for organism-level function." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-29 05:41:40
MOST PSEUDOGENES "are simply evolving without selective constraints on their sequences and likely have no function" (that is yet known!). http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-29 05:42:57
SMALL FRACTION CONSERVED. "Several analyses of sequence conservation between humans and other mammals have found that about 5% of the genome is conserved. It is possible that an additional 4% of the human genome is under lineage-specific selection pressure; however, this estimate appears to be somewhat questionable." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-29 05:46:30
THE KNOWN FUNCTIONAL PORTION. "The idea that 9% of the human genome shows signs of functionality is actually consistent with the results of ENCODE and other large-scale genome analyses." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-29 05:47:47
ANOTHER FRACTION. "Besides protein-coding sequences (including associated untranslated regions), which make up 1.5%–2.5% of the human genome, data from ENCODE suggest that conserved long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are generated from about 9,000 loci that add up to less than an additional 0.4%." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-29 05:50:49
SMALL FUNCTIONAL FRACTION. "Thus, even if a vast new untapped world of functional noncoding RNA is discovered, this will probably be transcribed from a small fraction of the human genome." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-29 05:53:12
SEVERELY UNDERSTUDIED. "In Staphylococcus aureus, hundreds of small regulatory or small RNAs (sRNAs) have been identified, yet this class of molecule remains poorly understood and severely understudied. sRNA genes are typically absent from genome annotation files, and as a consequence, their existence is often overlooked, particularly in global transcriptomic studies." https://lnkd.in/eG7SUXV View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-30 05:09:51
TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. "Transcription factors are proteins involved in the process of converting, or transcribing, DNA into RNA. Transcription factors include a wide number of proteins, excluding RNA polymerase, that initiate and regulate the transcription of genes." https://lnkd.in/eETEA2N View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-30 05:12:23
ABUNDANCE OF FACTORS. "At first blush, sequences that are bound by transcription factors (TFs) appear to be very abundant, making up about 8.5% of the genome." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn
linkedin post 2016-09-30 05:13:32
SUPER-SURPRISING VIEW. "Most of the major constituents of the genome have been well characterized." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn