Year: 2022

HUMAN LIMITS. "Emergent systems are those in which even perfect knowledge and understanding may give us no predictive information." https://lnkd.in/dPMad4M View in LinkedIn

GREATER THAN THE SUM OF THE PARTS. "Emergence is the fact that a structure, not explicitly represented at a lower level, appears at a higher level. In the case of dynamic self-organising systems, with decentralised control and local interactions, intimately linked with self-organisation is the notion of emergent properties." https://lnkd.in/dfAjwzM View in LinkedIn

THE KEY ISSUE. "Predicting the behavior of complex decentralized pervasive computing systems before their deployment in a dynamic environment, as well as being able to influence and control their behavior in a decentralized way, will be of fundamental importance in the near future." https://lnkd.in/dMwveSp View in LinkedIn

"UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES and side effects are closely related to emergent properties." https://lnkd.in/dN5A7Kw https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence#CITEREFAnderson1972 View in LinkedIn

SUMMATION MULTIPLIES. "At each level of complexity entirely new properties appear. Psychology is not applied biology, nor is biology applied chemistry. We can now see that the whole becomes not merely more, but very different from the sum of its parts." https://lnkd.in/daguaP7 View in LinkedIn

BIOLOGICAL SELF-ORGANIZATION. "Self-organization can be defined as the formation of complex patterned structures from units of less complexity by local internal interactions, without referring to an external blueprint or template. These internal interactions typically form feedback loops, thereby conferring robustness to the system. Other common features found in self-organizing systems are nonlinearity, symmetry breaking and the emergence of patterns from stochastic fluctuations." https://lnkd.in/dPFe4e3 View in LinkedIn

FIRST FUNCTIONS. "We looked back into the very onset of the protein evolution with a goal to find elementary functions (EFs) that came from the prebiotic world and served as building blocks of the first enzymes. We defined the basic structural and functional units of biochemical reactions—elementary functional loops." https://lnkd.in/dwbv2VX View in LinkedIn

MANY FROM THE FEW. "The diversity of contemporary enzymes can be described via combinations of a limited number of elementary chemical reactions, many of which are performed by the descendants of primitive prebiotic peptides/proteins." A very familiar theme. https://lnkd.in/dwbv2VX View in LinkedIn

FOLDS AND DISTANT FAMILIES. "By analyzing protein sequences we were able to identify EFs shared by seemingly unrelated protein superfamilies and folds and to unravel evolutionary relations between them. Binding and metabolic processing of the metal- and nucleotide-containing cofactors and ligands are among the most abundant ancient EFs that became indispensable in many natural enzymes." (EFs = elementary functions). https://lnkd.in/dwbv2VX View in LinkedIn

"HIGHLY DESIGNABLE FOLDS provide structural scaffolds for many different biochemical reactions. We show that contemporary proteins are built from a limited number of EFs, making their analysis instrumental for establishing the rules for protein design." (EFs = elementary functions). https://lnkd.in/dwbv2VX View in LinkedIn