Year: 2022

TESTICULAR NEW GENES. "De novo genes are often characterized by being short, often overlapping other genes or being present within intronic sequences. Many de novo genes show weak expression. However, in animals, the highest expression is often found in the testes. This finding might be correlated to the hyperactive transcription in this sexual organ, a feature that leads to overall higher transcription." https://lnkd.in/e3rTkFh View in LinkedIn

NOVELTY. "New genes usually evolve with rapid changes in their sequence, structure and expression." https://lnkd.in/dyvJr2S View in LinkedIn

NEED TO BECOME FIXED. "The origin of new genes with novel functions creates genetic and phenotypic diversity in organisms. To acquire functional roles, new genes must integrate into ancestral gene-gene interaction (GGI) networks." https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-015-0772-4 View in LinkedIn

INTEGRATION OF NEW GENES. "Our results unveil a remarkable network topological integration process of new genes: over 5000 new genes were integrated into the ancestral GGI networks of human and mouse; new genes gradually acquire increasing number of gene partners; some human-specific genes evolved into hub structure with critical phenotypic effects." (GGI = Gene-gene interaction networks). https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-015-0772-4 View in LinkedIn

REPURPOSING EXISTING GENES. "Evolution of New Functions De Novo and from Preexisting Genes. An organism can acquire new genes through at least three distinct, but potentially overlapping, mechanisms." https://lnkd.in/e3rTkFh View in LinkedIn

GENE REPURPOSING MECHANISMS. "A pre-existing gene can be transferred ready made from another organism by lateral gene transfer (via transformation, transduction, and conjugation), or it can evolve by modification of an already existing gene (by duplication–divergence or gene fusion/fission) or it can be generated de novo from noncoding DNA." https://lnkd.in/e3rTkFh View in LinkedIn

NONCODING REGULATORS. "It is now well established that noncoding regulatory variants play a central role in the genetics of common diseases and in evolution. However, until recently, we have known little about the mechanisms by which most regulatory variants act." https://lnkd.in/dFv6Tsi View in LinkedIn

GENE DUPLICATION AS GRIST. "Evolution of pre-existing genes by duplication and subsequent divergence plays an important role in the emergence of novel genes. Depending on the organism and the duplication mechanism, the size of the region of DNA that is duplicated can vary from just a few bases up to whole chromosomes (aneuploidy) or genomes (polyploidy)." https://lnkd.in/e3rTkFh View in LinkedIn

A DOUBLE GENE DECK achieved by gene duplication means that one set of genes can be used as a genetic experiment, while the other can continue to play its intended and original function. Many plants underwent gene doubling during evolution. View in LinkedIn

TRIUMPH OF DUPLICATION. "Speciation by genome duplication was recognized early in the study of evolutionary genetics and “represented the first major triumph in the genetics of speciation” http://scholar.google.com/ View in LinkedIn