Year: 2022

TWO SIDES OF THE COIN. “Due to the deleterious effect of most genomic rearrangements, the detection and repair of double-strand DNA breaks are tightly regulated. Not surprisingly, mutations affecting central components of double-strand DNA break repair pathways are responsible for an increase in genomic rearrangements.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

CONTROLLING ADVERSE EFFECTS. “Transposable elements are powerful facilitators of evolution but may at the same time be harmful to the individual organism. Therefore, several complementary mechanisms to control transposable element activity have evolved. In many fungi, duplicated DNA is actively mutated by a process called repeat-induced point mutation.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

FASTER CHANGE. “A structured genome facilitates genome evolution.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

STRUCTURED GENOME. “Eukaryotic genomes are not just a random sequence of genes; they are structured and contain clusters of co-expressed genes or genes that operate in the same process, such as the biosynthesis of particular compounds.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

WIDESPREAD. “Structured genomes are common in eukaryotes and have been described in plants, animals, and fungi. Structured genomes are also frequently observed in pathogenic organisms.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

ISLANDS AND PERIPHERY. “Structured genomes contain islands of “core” genes involved in essential functions as well as regions of genes that play a role in adaptation and interaction with the environment. This structure fosters short-term adaptations by increasing the probability of favorable mutations using chromosomal rearrangements.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

ROLE IN ADAPTATIONS. “The common occurrence of structured genomes therefore highlights their likely evolutionary advantage to foster adaptations. Dispensable chromosomes that determine pathogenicity in various species can be seen as the most extreme case of genome structuring.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

NO NEED FOR SEX. “Genome rearrangements foster evolution in the absence of sex.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION. “Recent findings suggest that the absence of an obvious sexual lifestyle does not necessarily result in limited genetic diversity, and that in particular genomic rearrangements can foster adaptation.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

PECULIAR ROTIFER CASE. “Asexual metazoan bdelloid rotifer Adineta vaga revealed a genomic structure that is dominated by genomic rearrangements, mainly through mitotic recombination. Interestingly, this structure is incompatible with meiotic recombination since allelic regions, that normally pair during meiosis, are rearranged.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn