LIMITS OF TINY. “As miniaturization brings closer the day when each atom will store one bit of information for us, the useful Shannon entropy of the state-of-the-art microchip will edge closer in magnitude to its material's thermodynamic entropy. When the two entropies are calculated for the same degrees of freedom, they are equal.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn
THE KEY. “What are the ultimate degrees of freedom? Atoms, after all, are made of electrons and nuclei, nuclei are agglomerations of protons and neutrons, and those in turn are composed of quarks.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn
BELOW THE SURFACE. “Many physicists today consider electrons and quarks to be excitations of superstrings, which they hypothesize to be the most fundamental entities. But the vicissitudes of a century of revelations in physics warn us not to be dogmatic. There could be more levels of structure in our universe than are dreamt of in today's physics.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn
THE INTERDEPENDENCE. “One cannot calculate the ultimate information capacity of a chunk of matter or, equivalently, its true thermodynamic entropy, without knowing the nature of the ultimate constituents of matter or of the deepest level of structure, which I shall refer to as level X.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn
WORLD IN A GRAIN OF SAND. “Given the dizzying progress in miniaturization, one can playfully contemplate a day when quarks will serve to store information, one bit apiece perhaps. How much information would then fit into our one-centimeter cube? And how much if we harness superstrings or even deeper, yet undreamt of levels?” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn
ASK THE RIGHT QUESTION FIRST. “Surprisingly, developments in gravitation physics in the past three decades have supplied some clear answers to what seem to be elusive questions.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn
OUT OF NOTHING. “There was nothing before the Big Bang: no space, no time, no matter. Only a photon could exist in such circumstances. Only a photon is self-sufficient. The photon does not need ordinary (gravity) space and/or time. The photon creates its own electromagnetic space.” (Novel hypothesis). https://lnkd.in/d8U8qJM View in LinkedIn
GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS. “A central player in these developments is the black hole. Black holes are a consequence of general relativity, Albert Einstein's geometric theory of gravitation, initially published in 1915.” https://lnkd.in/draqjTW View in LinkedIn