Year: 2022

VIRAL INTEGRATION INTO GENOME. "After persistent non-lytic viral infection, important protein coding regions become incurred within the replicating region of the host organism, whereas repetitive sequences are integrated into the non-coding sections." https://lnkd.in/e-pJFM6 View in LinkedIn

LARGE VIRAL INFLUX TO GENOME. "In this way, thousands of endogenous retroviral sequences have been integrated into the human genome, with 22 independent retroviral families currently having been identified." https://lnkd.in/e-pJFM6 View in LinkedIn

VIRAL REPETITIVE UNITS. "The quantity of remaining former viral-gene embedding repetitive elements (embracing an enormous genetic diversity) originally accompanied the protein-coding sequences as control- and/or identification segments." https://lnkd.in/e-pJFM6 View in LinkedIn

RETROVIRAL VESTIGES. "Retroelements, with their (i) higher-order regulatory functions, (ii) capability for genetic creativity, and (iii) capacity for innovation of new regulatory patterns and combinations descended from retroviruses, which can easily be identified by their three essential parts gag, pol, and env." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

RETROVIRAL TAGS. "The gag gene encodes structural proteins, pol encodes enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, protease, ribonuclease and integrase functions, and env encodes envelope proteins, surface and transmembrane proteins and proteins causing host cell fusion and immunosuppression." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

ADAPTED MODULAR TOOLS. "Most endogenous retroviruses have been degraded into formerly connected domains, but they can still be recognized by retroposons or one of these three genes, which means their formerly connected genomic content may be used by host organisms as single or networking modular tools for a variety of new regulatory functions." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

OPPORTUNISTIC AND FLEXIBLE. "Viruses can parasitize almost any replication system, even prebiotic ones, and probably emerged well before the appearance of cellular life forms." (Virus-first theory). https://lnkd.in/e-pJFM6 View in LinkedIn

VIRAL DATA BANK. "Viruses store information that not only pertains to (a) replication proteins but also to (b) morphology and (c) phenotypic diversity." https://lnkd.in/e-pJFM6 View in LinkedIn

DNA AS RNA DERIVATIVE. "RNA genomes probably existed before the appearance of DNA genomes. Hence, DNA can be considered to be a modification of RNA, yielding ribonocleotide reductase, followed by only two thymidylate synthases." https://lnkd.in/e-pJFM6 View in LinkedIn

DNA DEPENDED ON RNA INNOVATION. "Today we know that the DNA world, on its own, would not have brought forth such an incredible diversity by natural selection, let alone established the necessary genetic precondition to create such a high degree of complexity." https://lnkd.in/e-pJFM6 View in LinkedIn