Year: 2022

TWO REMODELING MECHANISMS. "It has been demonstrated that larval organs in holometabolous insects degenerate mainly through apoptosis and autophagy." https://lnkd.in/eED2fPx View in LinkedIn

SELF-DIGESTION. "It became rapidly clear that homologs of most of the genes that belong to the autophagic pathway are present in the silkworm genome. The demise of larval organs in holometabolous insects...requires both autophagy and apoptosis." https://lnkd.in/eED2fPx View in LinkedIn

NOT REDUNDANCY. "In Lepidoptera, the coexistence of autophagic and apoptotic features has been frequently described in many organs that die during metamorphosis. This copresence of autophagic and apoptotic characteristics within the same organ does not seem to represent mere redundancy and adds evidence to the hypothesis that there is an overlap in the regulatory pathways of autophagy and apoptosis." https://lnkd.in/eED2fPx View in LinkedIn

JUVENILE HORMONE TRIGGER. "In insects, transition from juvenile to adult stages is triggered by the decline of the juvenile hormone, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the dramatic morphological and physiological changes remain poorly understood." http://www.pnas.org/content/111/19/7024.full View in LinkedIn

SUPPRESSION. "Insect juvenile hormones (JHs) prevent precocious metamorphosis and allow larvae to undergo multiple rounds of status quo molts." https://lnkd.in/eQ2nAQi View in LinkedIn

PREVAILING DOGMA. "The long-held paradigm in insect endocrinology is that juvenile hormones (JHs) prevent metamorphosis until larvae attain an appropriate size for the juvenile–adult transition. However, little is known about the roles for JHs during embryonic and very early larval stages." https://lnkd.in/eQ2nAQi View in LinkedIn

HORMONAL TRIGGERS. "The hormones 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone (JH) are responsible for regulating metamorphosis in insects. In holometabolous insects, a small increase in the expression of 20E in the absence of JH during the final larval instar induces pupal commitment, leading to epidermal expression of the transcription factor broad (br). Broad regulates various metamorphosis-specific target genes and is essential for successful larval to pupal transition in insects with complete metamorphosis." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/een.12313/full View in LinkedIn

OVERSHADOWED. "We established knockouts of the silkworm, a classic model insect, and show that embryogenesis and maintenance of juvenile status during the early larval stages are largely independent of JHs or the JH-signaling pathway. Our results also suggest that an unidentified factor or signal is required to acquire the competence for metamorphosis. The presence of this factor has long been overlooked because JHs may conceal its action." (JH = juvenile hormones). https://lnkd.in/eQ2nAQi View in LinkedIn

PARADIGM CHALLENGED. "Our study suggests that the long-accepted paradigm that JHs maintain the juvenile status throughout larval life should be revised because the larval status can be maintained by a JH-independent mechanism in very early larval instars. We propose that the lack of competence for metamorphosis during the early larval stages may result from the absence of an unidentified broad-inducing factor, i.e., a competence factor." (JH = juvenile hormones). https://lnkd.in/eQ2nAQi View in LinkedIn

SPECIFIC ROLES. "Whereas periodic pulses of 20E promote every developmental transition, the presence or absence of JH determines the nature of each transition." (JH = juvenile hormones; 20E= 20-hydroxyecdysone). http://www.pnas.org/content/111/19/7024.full View in LinkedIn