WHY WE HAVE PERMITTED WIDESPREAD USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN LIVESTOCK REARING is an anathema to me. Equally, they have been over-utilized in medicine. Everybody has been aware of the dangers of overexposure to antibiotics, namely the formation of drug resistant strains. Well, we are now facing the consequences of our lax behavior. It is going to be challenging to bridge the unmet need given the time it takes to develop and test a new drug. The FDA may need to develop a fast-track pathway to help solve this challenge.