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TRANSITIONS REQUIRED COOPERATION. "Almost all of the major evolutionary transitions from replicating molecules to complex animal societies have relied upon solving the problem of cooperation being solved." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982207014996 View in LinkedIn

DIVISION OF THE PLANE. "M.C. Escher became fascinated by the regular Division of the Plane, when he first visited the Alhambra, a fourteen century Moorish castle in Granada, Spain in 1922." https://lnkd.in/dKF_WPx View in LinkedIn

SELF-TAUGHT. "Although Escher considered that he had no mathematical ability, he interacted with mathematicians George Pólya, Roger Penrose, and Harold Coxeter; read mathematical papers by these authors and by the crystallographer Friedrich Haag; and conducted his own original research into tessellation." https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/M._C._Escher View in LinkedIn

BIOINSPIRED MATHEMATICS. "Early in his career he drew inspiration from nature, making studies of insects, landscapes, and plants such as lichens, all of which he reused as details in his artworks. He travelled in Italy and Spain, sketching buildings, townscapes, architecture and the tilings of the Alhambra and La Mezquita, Cordoba, and became steadily more interested in their mathematical structure." https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/M._C._Escher View in LinkedIn

MC ESCHER GALLERY. http://www.mcescher.com/gallery/ View in LinkedIn

PLAYFUL ABSURDITY. "I try in my prints to testify that we live in a beautiful and orderly world, not in a chaos without norms, even though that is how it sometimes appears. My subjects are also often playful: I cannot refrain from demonstrating the nonsensicalness of some of what we take to be irrefutable certainties." (MC Escher). https://lnkd.in/dAXs8BQ View in LinkedIn

MC ESCHER. "Only those who attempt the absurd will achieve the impossible. I think it's in my basement...let me go upstairs and check." http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/m/m_c_escher.html View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE features the brilliant, eccentric, and inspired Dutch graphic artist, MC Escher (1998-1972). He was deeply interested in the nature of space, symmetry, illusion and frequently embodied these themes in images of natural forms and creatures. He had no mathematical training but his work was inspired by mathematics and nature. View in LinkedIn

TOUGH NUT. "A fundamental problem in biology is the evolutionary transition from single cells to multicellular life forms. During this transition the unit of selection shifts from individual cells to groups of cooperating cells." https://lnkd.in/dM8VCEC View in LinkedIn

GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE. "Evolutionary changes in organismal traits may occur either gradually or suddenly. However, until recently, there has been little direct information about how phenotypic changes are related to the rate and the nature of the underlying genotypic changes." https://lnkd.in/dPsaKRf View in LinkedIn