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MOLECULAR IMPACT. "Gentle mechanical sweeping of leaf surfaces induced a rapid increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and a release of reactive oxygen species, and then enhanced resistance to B. cinerea in a jasmonate-independent manner." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn

"THE ABILITY TO SENSE and respond to a wide variety of mechanical stimuli—gravity, touch, osmotic pressure, or the resistance of the cell wall—is a critical feature of every plant cell, whether or not it is specialized for mechanotransduction." https://lnkd.in/dazh-wp View in LinkedIn

PREDATOR DEFENSE STIMULATED. "Repetitive touching enhanced resistance to fungus (Botrytis cinerea) infection and cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) infestation in a defense phytohormone jasmonate-dependent manner." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn

ROSE COMPACTNESS. "Mechanical stress given to the upper part of the order 1 axis of young rose plants resulted in a reduction in axis length and an increase in the number of branching, leading to the compactness of the bush, a favorable horticultural trait." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn

CHERRY ROOTS. "Effects of mechanical stress on trees have also been studied extensively. For instance, mechanical bending of the stem increased biomass allocation toward the root in wild cherry tree seedlings, avoiding the formation of poor root systems and the reduction of diameter growth of the trunk seen in mechanically untreated seedlings." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn

NATURAL HARDENING. "Wind-induced mechanical stress increased resistance to an arthropod herbivore and a fungal pathogen in common bean." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn

OTHER BEAN PLANTS. "Rubbed soybean plants exhibited reduction in stem elongation and frost resistance. Mechanically rubbed stems of common bean were hardened because of an increase in flexibility and acquired resistance to bending-caused breaking." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn

SPIKES AND GRAIN. "This treading led to good yields: the number of spikes per plant, weight of whole plant, and grain weight per plant were increased by 18, 41, and 54%, respectively." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn

STEMS AND LEAVES. "Regarding the shoot, the numbers of stems and leaves as well as the wet weight were increased by treading by 74, 10, and 50%, respectively." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn

SOIL AND ROOTS. "To avoid letting the soil become too firm, it is important to tread seedlings when the soil is dry. Another beneficial effect of treading is that it permits roots that have risen from the soil due to the growth of frost columns to be settled. The length and number of roots were also increased by 4 and 7%, respectively." https://lnkd.in/dDuN9mZ View in LinkedIn