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MIXED MODALITIES. "Flowering plants possess an unrivaled diversity of mechanisms for achieving sexual and asexual reproduction, often simultaneously." A curious state of affairs. http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

GENE CENTRALITY. "The egg contains the hen's genes, which combine with the rooster's genes. The genes create from the raw materials of organic life another chicken. That chicken then has another egg. It is not the egg, but the genetic material that the egg nourishes and brings to fruition that is important. It is the genes that must be passed on if a species is not to become extinct." http://public.wsu.edu/~taflinge/biosex1.html View in LinkedIn

SELFING IN INVASIVE PLANTS. “We found breeding-system data for a total of 1,752 species covering all major clades of angiosperms, from 161 families, and from all over the world” and their data supports a major selfing theory. https://lnkd.in/d5EUtN2 View in LinkedIn

CONTINUATION OF THE GERMPLASM. "Samuel Butler once said, "The hen is the egg's way of making another egg." There is a much truth in this adage. In the natural world, the egg's vehicle, be it fish, fowl or flower, doesn't matter. What does matter is that the vehicle gets the egg fertilized, hatched, and far enough along in development to have a chance of producing another egg." http://public.wsu.edu/~taflinge/biosex1.html View in LinkedIn

THE EVOLUTION OF SELFING. “Selfing has evolved in animals, fungi, and plants, and since Darwin's pioneering study, it is considered one of the most frequent evolutionary trends in flowering plants. Generally, the evolution of selfing is characterized by a loss of self-incompatibility, the selfing syndrome, and changes in genome-wide polymorphism patterns.” https://lnkd.in/dgPt-cE View in LinkedIn

SELFING. A comprehensive primer. https://lnkd.in/d9-MsRr View in LinkedIn

DISTINCT STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES. "However, in plants, clonal growth and selfing result from entirely different structures and processes, and the selective forces responsible for their respective origins and maintenance are quite distinct." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

DISTINCTION. "Because clonal growth does not involve sexual reproduction, botanists make a clear distinction between predominant self-fertilization and clonal reproduction, a separation that is not as evident in the literature involving some other groups: e.g., fungi and parasitic protozoa. Both forms of uniparental reproduction limit recombination and can result in similar signatures of population genetic structure." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/29/8859.full View in LinkedIn

UNIT OF SELECTION. "This perspective has merit because it identifies the appropriate unit of selection—the clonal genotype—and has led to a focus on the developmental mechanisms and patterns of growth that produce clonal offspring." https://lnkd.in/dWczCFf View in LinkedIn

CLONAL GROWTH. "Vegetative reproduction involves the production of genetically identical individuals capable of independent existence and reproduction as a result of plant growth. Indeed, following Harper, many botanists prefer the term “clonal growth” and deliberately avoid using the terms “vegetative or clonal reproduction”. To quote Harper (ref. 12, p. 27), “clones are formed by growth—not reproduction.” https://lnkd.in/dWczCFf View in LinkedIn