Category: Uncategorized

EVOLUTION. "Sex chromosomes originate from ordinary autosomes. Ancient sex-specific W or Y chromosomes, like that of female chicken or those of male mammals, usually have lost most functional genes, owing to a loss of recombination with their former homologs, the Z or X chromosomes." https://lnkd.in/gxyp7ei View in LinkedIn

FAST EVOLUTION. "Structurally, sex chromosomes are the most rapidly evolving parts of the genome in many groups of animals." https://lnkd.in/g2CPWtY View in LinkedIn

SEX CHROMOSOMES. "We will restrict the term to chromosomes that carry the genes controlling male or female development, defining the male–female dichotomy in terms of gamete size differences, which are absent in other systems." https://lnkd.in/gCh5RAX View in LinkedIn

CHROMOSOME NUMBER. "The number of chromosomes is one of the most fundamental features of a eukaryotic genome. Chromosome number varies, both between closely related species and within species, and such variation can contribute to divergent adaptation and speciation." https://lnkd.in/g2CPWtY View in LinkedIn

‘We are with you Catalunya’ – the revolt in Spain is bigger than flags and language. History is unfolding. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/oct/02/catalans-independence-revolt-spain-independence-flags?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

COMBINED SETS. "A well-known case is that of the Japanese wrinkled frogs, Rana rugosa, where separate XY and ZW populations exist. All four sex chromosomes are descendants of the same linkage group. They have diverged independently already carrying different sets of lethal genes." http://www.pnas.org/content/112/34/10575.full View in LinkedIn

1,516 mass shootings in 1,735 days: America's gun crisis – in one chart https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2017/oct/02/america-mass-shootings-gun-violence?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

ANCIENT VIRUSES AND SEX. “Our results highlight the role of TEs in the initial steps of differentiation and evolution of sex chromosomes.” (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/gMXukbs View in LinkedIn

VIRAL BITS. "In many organisms, the sex chromosome pair can be recognized due to heteromorphy; the Y and W chromosomes have often lost many genes due to the absence of recombination during meiosis and are frequently heterochromatic. Repetitive sequences are found at a high proportion on such heterochromatic sex chromosomes and the evolution and emergence of sex chromosomes has been connected to the dynamics of repeats and transposable elements." https://lnkd.in/gMXukbs View in LinkedIn

GENE LOSS. "It is also well established that such nonrecombining Y or W chromosomes have lost many genes that are carried on the ancestrally homologous X or Z chromosomes (genetic degeneration." http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v95/n2/full/6800697a.html View in LinkedIn