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"SEXUAL DIMORPHISM describes differences between the sexes in primary and secondary sex characters. The former relate directly to male (androecium) and female (gynoecium) sexual organs, and the latter to differences between the sexes in structures other than sex organs themselves, including any aspect of morphology or physiology." https://lnkd.in/ge7JD6J View in LinkedIn

How a DNA revolution has decoded the origins of our humanity https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/nov/19/human-evolution-dna-revolution-mapping-genome?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS the reminder that the message of the Flammarion engraving of 1888 is as true today as it was back then, and however much we may pat ourselves on the back about the progress of science, we are still primitive hominids living in the dark ages. The roar of applause for Nobel Laureates may be humbled by the pall of darkness we live in. Less than one percent of life is known. It is our epitaph. View in LinkedIn

BOMBSHELL. “I contend that the cell nucleus itself is of viral origin.” https://lnkd.in/gVBURjk View in LinkedIn

HAND BEHIND THE WHEEL. “Patrick Forterre of the University of Paris-Sud has also analyzed enzymes responsible for DNA replication and has concluded that the genes for such enzymes in eukaryotes probably have a viral origin.” https://lnkd.in/gVBURjk View in LinkedIn

RADICAL PROPOSAL. “Viruses may originate genes, then colonize two different lineages—for example, bacteria and vertebrates. A gene apparently bestowed on humanity by bacteria may have been given to both by a virus.” https://lnkd.in/gVBURjk View in LinkedIn

SUCCESSION RISKS. "When old sex chromosomes self-destruct, a new sex gene and sex chromosomes may take over. This is fraught with peril because the interaction of old and new systems of sex determination is likely to cause severe infertility in hybrids." https://lnkd.in/ehjz378 View in LinkedIn

CO-SEXUAL FORMS. "First, dioecy in flowering plants seems often to have evolved from either hermaphroditism or monoecy, or, using the combined term, from co-sexuality. It follows directly that, during the evolution of dioecy, either females or males must first have arisen, and become established in the population (creating a situation with both co-sexuals and unisexuals, either gynodioecy or androdioecy), and then mutations must have spread among the co-sexuals, making them become the complementary unisexual form." https://lnkd.in/exrSaeb View in LinkedIn

GENE DEGRADATION. "The acquisition of a sex factor on one member of the pair is the kiss of death for that chromosome, and it degrades quickly. This explains why only a few active genes remain on the human Y and the bird W." https://lnkd.in/ehjz378 View in LinkedIn

TWO SUPPRESSIONS. "Dioecy in flowering plants must often have evolved through at least two mutations, a male-sterility mutation (creating females) and one or more female-sterility mutations (creating males)." https://lnkd.in/exrSaeb View in LinkedIn