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“ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION is more efficient than sexual reproduction because sexual reproduction has 50% males who cannot produce offspring themselves. Why do males exist?” https://lnkd.in/e3_feD9 View in LinkedIn

ADVANTAGES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION. “The variation that sexual reproduction creates among offspring is very important to the survival and reproduction of the population. In sexual reproduction, different mutations are continually reshuffled from one generation to the next when different parents combine their unique genomes; this results in an increase of genetic diversity. On average, a sexually-reproducing population will leave more offspring than an otherwise similar asexually-reproducing population.” https://lnkd.in/exK5mn7 View in LinkedIn

TWO FAULT TOLERANCE. "Recombination supplies two fault-tolerance mechanisms at the molecular level: recombinational DNA repair (promoted during meiosis because homologous chromosomes pair at that time) and complementation (also known as heterosis, hybrid vigor or masking of mutations)." https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_sexual_reproduction#Two-fold_cost_of_sex View in LinkedIn

MINOR SETBACKS. “Other trends suffer setbacks—presumably owing to the contrast between mass extinction and “normal” selectivities—but then resume their long-term trajectories.” https://lnkd.in/epHhn4i) View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE grapples with two opposing viewpoints of evolution: that life is on a linear march towards increased diversity and complexity, versus the view of evolution as a highly destructive boom and bust pendulum. Explosive biodiversity has been the hallmark of the Cambrian period, while five mass extinctions have endangered the very crucible of life on planet earth. View in LinkedIn

THE NON-DISRUPTED. “Some large-scale patterns withstood one or more of the Big Five extinctions with little disruption. These include the continued dominance of reefs by rugose and tabulate corals and stromatoporoid sponges across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary, the escalation of morphological responses seen in molluscan shells to increased predation intensity across the end-Cretaceous boundary, the prolonged Paleozoic decline of trilobites, and the onshore-offshore expansions and retreats of a number of post-Paleozoic marine orders.” https://lnkd.in/epHhn4i) View in LinkedIn

SUICIDE AND NATURAL SELECTION. "The idea that self-inflicted organismal death could be adaptive sounds, at face value, absurd. An adaptation is a trait that is suitable (apt) for the current circumstances or environmental challenges, and archetypal examples include traits that promote survival. Natural selection is the mechanism that produces adaptations." https://lnkd.in/ecP3KMX View in LinkedIn

THE FEW CONTINUING SEEDS. “Mass extinctions have never entirely reset the evolutionary clock: even the huge losses at the end of the Permian, which appear to have permanently restructured marine and terrestrial communities, left enough taxa and functional groups standing to seed the recovery process without the origin of new phyla.” https://lnkd.in/epHhn4i) View in LinkedIn

LAST SHOT. "Semelparous organisms have a simple life cycle characterized by immediate death after reproduction." https://lnkd.in/eHQg5U4 View in LinkedIn

PERILOUS BOTTLENECKS. “Analysis of extinctions in the Late Permian indicates that as many as 96 percent of all marine species may have died out, thus forcing the marine biosphere to pass through a small bottleneck.” https://lnkd.in/ecZCYp9 View in LinkedIn