linkedin post 2018-01-23 07:27:07

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HOMOPLASTY VS HETROPLASTY. “A mammalian cell has a single nucleus which contains a single genome. The genomic DNA is identical across all cells in an organism. A mammalian cell has many mitochondria and every mitochondria has its own (circular) genome. All the many individual copies of mtDNA exist independently of each other. If all the mtDNA in a cell are identical, then they are homoplasmic. (Common, "normal" situation). If one (or more) of the mtDNA in a single cell acquires a mutation, then the cell will have a mix of mutant-mtDNA and WT-mtDNA. These cells are now heteroplasmic.” https://lnkd.in/eeWUxj8 View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-01-23 07:24:50

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"EXTRANUCLEAR INHERITANCE or cytoplasmic inheritance is the transmission of genes that occur outside the nucleus. It is found in most eukaryotes and is commonly known to occur in cytoplasmic organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts or from cellular parasites like viruses or bacteria." This breaks all of Mendel’s famous genetic laws. https://lnkd.in/eWiwdUk View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-01-23 07:21:21

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"HETEROPLASMY is the presence of more than one type of organellar genome (mitochondrial DNA or plastid DNA) within a cell or individual. It is an important factor in considering the severity of mitochondrial diseases. Because most eukaryotic cells contain many hundreds of mitochondria with hundreds of copies of mitochondrial DNA, it is common for mutations to affect only some mitochondria, leaving most unaffected." https://lnkd.in/eHYuPyQ View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-01-23 07:19:40

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REPRODUCTION IN NATURE is not limited to organisms, nor to cells, but also the very organelles within cells, such as the mitochondrion, chloroplast and nucleus, all of which originated in an ancient foreign engulfment. Their reproduction is rather independent from the rest of the organism's cells. View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-01-23 07:18:18

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REPRODUCTION IN NATURE is not limited to organisms, nor to cells, but also the very organelles within cells, such as the mitochondrion, chloroplast and nucleus, all of which originated in an ancient foreign engulfment. Their reproduction is rather independent from the rest of the organism's cells. View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2018-01-23 07:18:14

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MITOCHONDRIA have a very anomalous reproductive life, breaking the rules of Mendel. In large part because they are semi-autonomous, having been derived from an engulfed bacteria many millions of years ago, and today exist in a highly streamlined form with most of their genes having been transferred to the host nucleus. View in LinkedIn
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