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MODULAR NETWORKS. "Many biological entities are modular, especially the many biological processes and structures that can be modelled as networks, such as metabolic pathways, gene regulation, protein interactions and animal brains." https://lnkd.in/eX5AfaH View in LinkedIn

MILESTONE ACHIEVEMENT. “The ordinary matter in our universe (known" "as baryonic matter) is made up of 94 naturally occurring elements, the " "familiar beasts of the periodic table. And it is one of the stunning" "achievements of twentieth century science that the question of where" "these elements came from has now been answered.” https://lnkd.in/d5GTUVD View in LinkedIn

EVOLUTION OF MODULARITY. "A central biological question is how natural organisms are so evolvable (capable of quickly adapting to new environments). A key driver of evolvability is the widespread modularity of biological networks—their organization as functional, sparsely connected subunits—but there is no consensus regarding why modularity itself evolved." https://lnkd.in/eX5AfaH View in LinkedIn

DEEPLY CONNECTED. “We are not simply in the universe; we are born" "from it.” (Tyson 1998). https://lnkd.in/d5GTUVD View in LinkedIn

An eco-friendly cuppa? Now teabags are set to go plastic-free https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jan/28/teabags-plastic-free-co-op-eco-friendly?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS these last two weekends contemplating the origin of the elements. The remarkable 1957 Fred Hoyle paper on the synthesis of the elements in the stars was a phenomenal example of anticipatory science that took a full forty years of experimental data to finally verify. Their predictions were based only on an piercing analytical synthesis of the state of knowledge at the time. Some of the experimental methods to verify these ideas had not even been developed, and as such were untestable hypotheses. https://lnkd.in/eZhzKDj View in LinkedIn

HYPOTHESIS VINDICATED. “Synthesis of the Elements in Stars, by Burbidge, Burbidge, Fowler, and Hoyle. Forty years later. “Their review provided a foundation for forty years of research in all of the aspects of low energy nuclear experiments and theory, stellar modeling over a wide range of mass and composition, and abundance studies of many hundreds of stars, many of which have shown distinct evidence of the processes suggested by B2FH.” https://lnkd.in/e7NpupH View in LinkedIn

B2FH PAPER (1957). “Ninety elements are found terrestrially (and one more, technetium, is found in stars) only promethium has not been found in nature. Some 272 stable" "and 55 naturally radioactive isotopes occur on the earth. It seems probable that the elements all evolved from hydrogen.” One of the most important scientific papers ever. https://lnkd.in/eZhzKDj View in LinkedIn

MAJOR BREAKTHROUGH. “There was a seminal paper — one of the most important research papers ever published — that gave us the description of the origin of the elements. The paper is entitled “Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” but is sometimes referred to as the B2FH paper, after the authors’ initials.” (Burbridge, Burbridge, Fowler, Hoyle). https://lnkd.in/etgu265 View in LinkedIn

DYNAMIC STAR LIFE CYCLES. “Stars are the factories in which new chemical elements are formed, and stellar helium burning provides the seed material for a large number of nucleosynthesis processes, which occur during late stellar evolution followed by explosive nucleosynthesis in core collapse supernovae.” https://lnkd.in/e3QFknM View in LinkedIn