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GENE PARADIGM SHIFTS. “Biology is no stranger to paradigm shifts. Before the advent of molecular biology, classical genetics was based on the notions that genes are the fundamental units of mutation, of recombination, and of heredity, and that they are arranged on the chromosomes like beads on a string. New insights, generated by molecular analysis, forced a recognition that there were, in fact, no fundamental units, no beads, and no string.” https://lnkd.in/ewnQ9Vg View in LinkedIn

HUMAN FACIAL REPERTOIRE. “Our understanding of the factors that account for this enhanced mobility remains incomplete. Differences between humans and other primates in mimetic muscle morphology, physiology, and neurobiology may not, by themselves, hold the ultimate answer.” https://lnkd.in/di-WAXE View in LinkedIn

ECOSYSTEM SUCCESSIONS. “These findings suggest that microbial ecosystems may routinely and rapidly undergo profound changes in community structure that, for multi-cellular eukaryotes, would be described as a major ecological succession. Among multi-cellular eukaryotes, however, a major ecosystem succession may take years, decades, or even centuries, whereas dynamic changes in microbial communities may well occur over hours or days.” https://standardsingenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40793-016-0180-8 View in LinkedIn

UNIQUE ASSET. “The facial display (or facial expression) repertoire of humans is also greater than other primates. Clearly, mounting evidence in morphology, physiology, neurobiology, and behavior indicates that the human face is uniquely mobile in generating facial displays.” https://lnkd.in/di-WAXE View in LinkedIn

DOMINANT POPULATIONS. “From a biodiversity perspective this means that, in principle, a rare prokaryotic species (say, 0.1 % of the population) could become the dominant species (say, 90 % of the population) in a very short period of time. Some recent reports suggest that this does in fact occur in natural populations.” https://standardsingenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40793-016-0180-8 View in LinkedIn

PRIMED FOR SPEED. “Mimetic muscle physiology is also derived in humans relative to other primates. It has long been known that human mimetic muscles are dominated by fast-twitch (type II) myosin fibers.” https://lnkd.in/di-WAXE View in LinkedIn

TWO TIME SCALES. “If one were to go into any multi-cellular eukaryote ecosystem, pick a species at random, kill off 99.9 % of its population, and then measure how long it would take the species to recover, the result might be a year or more for a mouse, and a century or more (if then) for elephants. For some prokaryotes, the time to recover from a 99.9 % population cull could be 24 h or less.” https://standardsingenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40793-016-0180-8 View in LinkedIn

IMPORTANCE OF LIPS. “Unlike other primates, humans follow eye gaze to determine direction of attention and we uniquely use our lips as articulators in a specialized vocalization called “speech”.” https://lnkd.in/di-WAXE View in LinkedIn

WRONG SCALES. “The case can be made that prokaryote populations operate on such incomparably different spatio-temporal scales that it is difficult to describe a “specific point in space and time” in a way that applies equally effectively to multi-cellular eukaryote and to prokaryote populations.” https://lnkd.in/ewnQ9Vg View in LinkedIn

WRONG TEMPLATE. “Multi-cellular eukaryotes-oriented concepts of species and individual cannot be applied meaningfully to prokaryotes.” https://standardsingenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40793-016-0180-8 View in LinkedIn