Category: Uncategorized

"MEIOSIS is the type of cell division that gives rise to eggs and sperm." Versus mitosis which occurs during normal development and growth and does not alter the chromosome number. https://lnkd.in/dt3vnRH View in LinkedIn

ENERGY STRATEGY. "Parthenogenesis is a fast way to consume a rich repository of free energy, e.g., an ample stock of food with a large number of individuals, whereas sexual reproduction is a fast way to consume diverse and dispersed resources with a large variety of individuals." (Parthenogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction in which the offspring develops from unfertilized eggs). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264712001700 View in LinkedIn

DIPLOID FORM. “For most plants and all animals, the majority of life is spent in diploid form. During sexual reproduction, haploid gametes are formed via meiosis and then come together during fertilization.  Some simpler Eukaryota spend most of their life cycle in diploid form.” https://lnkd.in/dTisCwg View in LinkedIn

FREE ENERGY CONSUMPTION. "On the basis of the 2nd law of thermodynamics we find that both sexual and asexual reproduction can be regarded as a means to consume free energy in least time." http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264712001700 View in LinkedIn

MEIOSIS is needed to keep the chromosome number the same in diploid sexual creatures from one generation to the next. https://lnkd.in/dGqaW47 View in LinkedIn

FACTORS FOR GENE TRANSFER. "According to the mathematical model, it was revealed that the rate of gene transfer from mitochondria to the nucleus can be affected by three factors, the intensity of intracellular competition, the probability of paternal organelle transmission, and the effective population size." https://lnkd.in/d3qRpgD View in LinkedIn

COMPETITION BETWEEN MITOCHONDRIA. "Mutant mitochondria that lose a certain gene by deletion are considered to replicate more rapidly than normal ones, resulting in an advantage in intracellular competition. If the competition is intense, heteroplasmic individuals possessing both types of mitochondria change to homoplasmic individuals including mutant mitochondria only, with high probability." https://lnkd.in/d3qRpgD View in LinkedIn

ORGANELLE SYMBIOSIS. "Endosymbiotic theory states that mitochondria originated as bacterial intracellular symbionts, the size of the mitochondrial genome gradually reducing over a long period owing to, among other things, gene transfer from the mitochondria to the nucleus. Such gene transfer was observed in more genes in animals than in plants, implying a higher transfer rate of animals." https://lnkd.in/d3qRpgD View in LinkedIn

INTEGRATING SUITES OF TRAITS. "The developmental mechanism of preferential allocation has implication for the evolution of suites of traits. Depending on the mechanism, it may be possible not only to change the strength of the allocation but also to change the allocation partners during evolution. Thus evolution of the allocation tradeoff itself may play a role in the evolution of morphological integration of traits." http://www.pnas.org/content/95/7/3685.full View in LinkedIn

VELOCITY OPTION. "Finally, it is possible that fast-growing tissues are resource-limited but slow-growing ones are not, so that a small excess in resources freed up by diminution or removal of one body part only affects the growth of the fastest-growing tissues." http://www.pnas.org/content/95/7/3685.full View in LinkedIn