Category: Uncategorized

RED QUEEN. "More recently, an additional hypothesis has been advanced that sex might enable organisms to escape or outrun pathogens. This is termed the Red Queen hypothesis." http://www.mycologia.org/content/105/1/1.full View in LinkedIn

ENERGY, PHENOTYPE AND EMERGENCE. "In such natural processes, everything depends on everything else, and phenotypes are emergent properties of their systems." http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/11/94/20131017 View in LinkedIn

FREE ENERGY AND PHENOTYPE. "Thus, genes are merely a means of specifying polypeptides: those that serve free energy consumption in a given surroundings contribute to cellular phenotype as determined by the phenotype." http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/11/94/20131017 View in LinkedIn

REGENERATION MEMORY. "When the limb of a salamander, or the liver of a mouse, is partially amputated, the remainder regenerates to its normal size and shape even though the context in which this regeneration occurs is very different from that in which the structure developed initially." http://www.pnas.org/content/95/7/3685.full View in LinkedIn

CONTRARIAN VIEW. "It is proposed that light can be shed on these questions by viewing evolution and organisms as natural processes contingent on the second law of thermodynamics, equivalent to the principle of least action in its original form. Consequently, natural selection acts on variation in any mechanism that consumes energy from the environment rather than on genetic variation." http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/11/94/20131017 View in LinkedIn

LYMPHOCYTE COMPETITION. "In an immune system where the total number of cells is limited, cell survival is no longer a passive phenomenon but rather a continuous active process where each lymphocyte must compete with other lymphocytes to survive." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.0095.x/full View in LinkedIn

LYMPHOCYTE DYNAMICS. "In adult mice, the number of B lymphocytes remains constant under homeostatic control, in spite of the fact that B cells are produced continuously in numbers that largely exceed the number required to replenish the peripheral pools. It follows that each newly formed lymphocyte can only persist if another lymphocyte dies." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.0095.x/full View in LinkedIn

LYMPHOCYTE DYNAMICS. "In adult mice, the number of B lymphocytes remains constant under homeostatic control, in spite of the fact that B cells are produced continuously in numbers that largely exceed the number required to replenish the peripheral pools. It follows that each newly formed lymphocyte can only persist if another lymphocyte dies." https://lnkd.in/d-HttRV View in LinkedIn

MUTANT MITOCHONDRIA. "The gene transfer rate tends to increase with decreasing intracellular competition, increasing paternal organelle transmission, and decreasing effective population size. Intense intracellular competition tends to suppress gene transfer because it is likely to exclude mutant mitochondria that lose the essential gene due to the production of lethal individuals." https://lnkd.in/d3qRpgD View in LinkedIn

FACTORS FOR GENE TRANSFER. "According to the mathematical model, it was revealed that the rate of gene transfer from mitochondria to the nucleus can be affected by three factors, the intensity of intracellular competition, the probability of paternal organelle transmission, and the effective population size." https://lnkd.in/d3qRpgD View in LinkedIn