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CELLULAR COOPERATION. "Developing and regenerating cells interact with one another to build a limb." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.b.20082/full View in LinkedIn

MINIMIZING INEFFICIENCY. "The main fix was to wheel out the carotenoids as quenchers of chlorophyll triplet states and of singlet O2. However in the reaction centres, chlorophyll triplet could be formed by short circuits such as charge recombination. Here again carotenoid quenching has been employed where possible but this is clearly insufficient and many mechanisms exist where by these short-circuits are minimised." https://lnkd.in/dxpcWx8 View in LinkedIn

DEVELOPMENT AND DEDIFFERENTIATION. "In other words, there are component parts of the regeneration process that can be considered redevelopment." And can be considered overlapping with dedifferentiation, and similar to aspects of wound healing. https://lnkd.in/d_NDPcr View in LinkedIn

THE OXYGEN PROBLEM. "When chlorophyll-containing species found themselves in the presence of O2 then there was a big problem: the excited singlet and more importantly the longer-lived triplet state had more than enough energy (1.3 eV) to drive the conversion of triplet O2 to its highly reactive singlet form (1 eV). Redox tuning does not help here, this is an energy question and red light is as low in energy as possible for efficient oxygenic photosynthesis." https://lnkd.in/dxpcWx8 View in LinkedIn

REGENERATION AND DEVELOPMENT. "Another aspect of regeneration biology that supports this general conclusion is the observation that regenerative potential is enhanced in developing systems, and that the process of limb regeneration, where it occurs, is mechanistically very similar to the process of limb development." https://lnkd.in/d_NDPcr View in LinkedIn

NEW REALITY DROVE NEW SOLUTIONS. "The tuning of electron transfer needed to deal with leaks and damaging back-reactions seems to be a requirement associated with life in the presence of oxygen." https://lnkd.in/dxpcWx8 View in LinkedIn

OVERLAPPING GENE SETS. "Not only can developing and regenerating cells interact with one another to build a limb, there are numerous examples of genes whose expression during development and regeneration are identical and other genes whose expression is largely similar." https://lnkd.in/d_NDPcr View in LinkedIn

BAND AIDS AND BANDAGES. "These two basic characteristics pinpoint one of the main challenges encountered by these enzymes: how to favour the energy-productive processes over competing reactions in which the high energy intermediates decay without going through the useful energy converting step(s). In other words, to be efficient they must avoid back-reactions, short-circuits, by-passes, side-reactions, futile cycles and leaks." https://lnkd.in/dxpcWx8 View in LinkedIn

RESIDUAL ABILITIES. "The observation that fingertips of children have regenerative capacity indicates that the ability for a modest level of regeneration was retained in a context-specific format even in higher mammals." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.b.20082/full View in LinkedIn

LOSS OF FUNCTION WITH COMPLEXITY. "This suggests that the absence of regenerative ability in mammals is a loss of function, perhaps a consequence of physiological adaptations important for survival following injury." https://lnkd.in/d_NDPcr View in LinkedIn