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COLOR MIMICRY. "Over long distances, sexually deceptive orchids lure pollinators with counterfeit insect sex pheromones, but close-range deception with colour mimicry is a tantalising possibility. Despite appearing different to humans, the colours of the orchids and female wasps were effectively identical when mapped into a hymenopteran hexagonal colour space." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00114-009-0611-0 View in LinkedIn

MICRO-RNA (MiRNA) “also serve a crucial role in stem-cell research — they are the mechanism by which stem cells differentiate. Most cancers, we have recently learned, are marked by alterations in miRNA. Researchers even suspect that alterations in miRNA may be a cause of cancer.” http://wedcrew.yolasite.com/resources/Jelly%20fish.pdf View in LinkedIn

HIGH CUE VARIABILITY. "Deceptive orchids often show high variability in floral signals, which may be maintained by negative frequency-dependent selection, since pollinators can learn and subsequently avoid common deceptive morphs more quickly than rare ones. The evolution of obligate deception in orchids seems paradoxical in the light of the typically lower fruit set than in rewarding species." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00114-005-0636-y View in LinkedIn

CANCER CELLS ARE IMMORTAL. "What allows a cancer cell to keep diving endlessly, generation upon generation? Here’s an emerging answer: The human embryo and many of our adult organs possess a tiny population of stem cells that are capable of immortal regeneration. Stem cells are the body’s reservoir of renewal. The entirety of human blood, for instance, can arise from a single, highly potent blood-forming stem cell that typically lives buried inside the bone marrow." And many cancers arise from stem cells. https://lnkd.in/eNxs3pb View in LinkedIn

REFLECTED LIGHT CUES. "In some food deceptive orchids, similarities in the spectral reflectance visible to the pollinator in a model plant and its mimic, and increased reproductive success of the mimic in the presence of the model have been demonstrated." https://lnkd.in/dQxZZsA View in LinkedIn

NORMAL LIFESPAN. “We suggested that the finite capacity of normal cells to replicate was a reflection of ageing or longevity determination at the cell level, an idea that received substantial support in subsequent years.” https://lnkd.in/esfPTAR View in LinkedIn

MORTAL NORMAL CELLS. “By mid century the immortality of cancer cells was demonstrated in vitro, followed by the finding that, contrary to prevailing belief, cultured normal cells are mortal.” https://lnkd.in/esfPTAR View in LinkedIn

TUMOR IMMORTALITY. “Most cancer cell populations can be distinguished from normal cells by a progressive acquisition of properties that includes immortality. This was first demonstrated in the early part of the twentieth century by the finding that rodent tumours could be serially transplanted indefinitely.” https://lnkd.in/esfPTAR View in LinkedIn

REPLICOMETER. “Forty years ago we showed that cell mortality and immortality are inextricably linked to longevity determination, ageing and cancer. We suggested that a counting mechanism existed in normal cells and that has now been identified as telomere attrition. This replicometer, in combination with the discovery of the enzyme telomerase, has gone very far in explaining why most normal somatic cells have a finite capacity to replicate both in vivo and in vitro and how immortal cancer cells circumvent this inevitability.” https://lnkd.in/esfPTAR View in LinkedIn

BACTERIAL MORTALITY under some conditions."Bacteria were traditionally thought to have a symmetrical binary fission without a clear distinction between soma and germ-line, being thus considered as immortal biological entities. Yet it has been recently described that bacteria also undergo replicative aging (RA). That is, they exhibit finite replicative abilities under good conditions to growth." https://lnkd.in/esfYya9 View in LinkedIn