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BOGUS EQUIVALENCY. "In my opinion, the audacious attempt to reveal the formal equivalence of the ideas of biological organization and thermodynamic order ...must be judged to have failed." — Peter Medawar. http://www.panspermia.org/seconlaw.htm View in LinkedIn

FLY IN THE OINTMENT. "Most darwinists just ignore this staggering problem. When confronted with it, they seek refuge in the confusion between the two kinds of entropy. [Logical] entropy has not decreased, they say, because the system is not closed. Energy such as sunlight is constantly supplied to the system. If you consider the larger system that includes the sun, [thermodynamic] entropy has increased, as required." http://www.panspermia.org/seconlaw.htm View in LinkedIn

THE URBAN MYTH. "Clearly, if life originates and makes evolutionary progress without organizing input somehow supplied, then something has organized itself. Logical entropy in a closed system has decreased. This is the violation that people are getting at, when they say that life violates the second law of thermodynamics. This violation, the decrease of logical entropy in a closed system, must happen continually in the darwinian account of evolutionary progress." http://www.panspermia.org/seconlaw.htm View in LinkedIn

HEAT PASSAGE. "The second law was formulated after nineteenth century engineers noticed that heat cannot pass from a colder body to a warmer body by itself." http://www.panspermia.org/seconlaw.htm View in LinkedIn

ENERGY INEFFICIENCY. "The second law is a straightforward law of physics with the consequence that, in a closed system, you can't finish any real physical process with as much useful energy as you had to start with — some is always wasted. This means that a perpetual motion machine is impossible." http://www.panspermia.org/seconlaw.htm View in LinkedIn

INVIOLABLE LAW AND URBAN MYTH. "Sometimes people say that life violates the second law of thermodynamics. This is not the case; we know of nothing in the universe that violates that law." http://www.panspermia.org/seconlaw.htm View in LinkedIn

SLY CATCH. "No one knows what entropy really is, so in a debate you will always have the advantage." https://lnkd.in/dg_EX4d View in LinkedIn

SELECTION VS EASIER PATH. They might find, for example, that “the reason that an organism shows characteristic X rather than Y may not be because X is more fit than Y, but because physical constraints make it easier for X to evolve than for Y to evolve." https://www.quantamagazine.org/20140122-a-new-physics-theory-of-life/ View in LinkedIn

AVOIDING NATURAL SELECTION. "Natural selection doesn’t explain certain characteristics...These characteristics include a heritable change to gene expression called methylation, increases in complexity in the absence of natural selection, and certain molecular changes." https://www.quantamagazine.org/20140122-a-new-physics-theory-of-life/ View in LinkedIn

THE GREY ZONE. "The distinction between living and nonliving matter is not sharp." https://www.quantamagazine.org/20140122-a-new-physics-theory-of-life/ View in LinkedIn