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DEATH CAN GENERATE NOVELTY. "On the evolutionary scale, selective use of programmed cell death can also lead to the creation of novel structures. For example, the gonadal lineages in C. elegans hermaphrodites and Panagrellus redivivus females are very similar, even though the gonads of these animals are quite different." https://lnkd.in/dVeZ2yE View in LinkedIn

BOUNDARY GENES. "Various ‘boundary genes’ function to ensure proper organ initiation and placement across the shoot apex; for example, BLADE ON PETIOLE 1 and BLADE ON PETIOLE 2 (BOP1/2) transcription factors are expressed in the meristem-to-organ boundary and at the base of lateral organs to enable proper primordia development." https://lnkd.in/dD4GcAS View in LinkedIn

SINGLE CELL BEASTS MAY NOT NEED DEATH. "It has been argued that for unicellular organisms, there would a priori appear to be no need for such a program, as cell death basically translates into organismal death and therefore would confer no evolutionary advantage (dead organisms do not procreate)." https://lnkd.in/dVeZ2yE View in LinkedIn

REDUNDANCY. "This boundary formation network is a robust developmental network: redundant yet specialized. In addition to maintaining redundancy in its conserved core genes, spatially and temporally regulated network regulators, such as the miRNA164 genes, provide the network with developmental robustness, enabling it to function in the face of various developmental perturbations." https://lnkd.in/dD4GcAS View in LinkedIn

THE EVOLUTION OF DEATH in the natural world will give insights to the biological function of death in living things. To the extent that this is even feasible will be examined herein. View in LinkedIn

BOUNDARY FORMATION. "Because of the diversity of developmental stages influenced by what appears to be a conserved process, we hypothesize that a conserved ‘boundary formation gene regulatory networks’ plays a central role in boundary formation at different hierarchies during plant development." https://lnkd.in/dD4GcAS View in LinkedIn

REPAIR IS HARD. "It is is easier to create a new organism from scratch than to repair both internal factors (free radicals, metabolic by-products, ...) and external (physical damage, exposure to toxins, ...)." http://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/1495/what-evolutionary-explanations-are-there-for-death View in LinkedIn

DIVISION REPRESSION. "The boundary zone itself expresses a specific set of transcription factors that locally repress cell division. Mutations in these regulators or their downstream targets cause organ fusion as well as alterations in organ development and phyllotactic patterning and such developmental defects can occur during embryogenesis, lateral organ formation and even leaf margin serration." https://lnkd.in/dD4GcAS View in LinkedIn

COMPLEXITY BEGETS DEATH. "Death is not only for humans. All 'complicated enough' organisms die (with a notable exception of Hydra, tough you may argue when it comes to the complexity)." https://lnkd.in/di9iHQe View in LinkedIn

NUMEROUS SAFEGUARDS. “There are multiple pathways for DNA repair, using different enzymes that act upon different kinds of lesions." https://lnkd.in/dHtn_RS View in LinkedIn