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TWO PHASES OF EVOLUTION. "These and many other cases of reductive evolution are consistent with a general model composed of two distinct evolutionary phases: the short, explosive, innovation phase that leads to an abrupt increase in genome complexity, followed by a much longer reductive phase, which encompasses either a neutral ratchet of genetic material loss or adaptive genome streamlining." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bies.201300037/full View in LinkedIn

UNHOLY ALLIANCE. "It is interesting to think that the genetic modules that are now involved in the regulation of what we call 'altruistic' regulated programmed cell death may have initially emerged and become selected as 'selfish genetic modules', for the sole reason that encoding an executioner and an inhibitor of the executioner just made them good at propagating themselves." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

GENOMIC STREAMLINING. "Genomic researchers have proposed that natural selection may favor small genomes—weeding out superfluous material—through a process called “genomic streamlining. Streamlining makes inherent sense because a small genome should aid metabolic efficiency, because genome size is correlated with cell size." http://scholar.google.es/scholar?q=selective+pressures+for+genomic+simplicity&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi8_67jh8zPAhXBbRQKHa6-BbEQgQMICDAA View in LinkedIn

UNDER THE RADAR. "Natural selection can favor the propagation of given genes for the sole reason that they are successful at propagating themselves, while being of no advantage, or sometimes while even being detrimental, to the fitness of the organisms that carry them. Such genes have been called 'selfish genes." http://www.nature.com/cdd/journal/v9/n4/full/4400950a.html View in LinkedIn

MASSIVE GENE LOSS. "Two notable examples are the reconstruction of the complex archaeal ancestor and the intron-rich ancestor of eukaryotes. In both cases, evolution in most of the lineages was apparently dominated by extensive loss of genes and introns, respectively." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bies.201300037/full View in LinkedIn

INFREQUENT EXAMPLES. "As logical as genomic streamlining might be, few examples have so far been found. Instead, a bevy of articles from the last 10 years show that three separate lines of evidence argue against widespread streamlining in prokaryotes." https://lnkd.in/d3Ys7Am View in LinkedIn

GENOME DOWNSIZING. "Evolutionary chromosome change involves significant variation in DNA amount in diploids and genome downsizing in polyploids." https://lnkd.in/dmkwGfy View in LinkedIn

RADICAL NEW VIEW. "Genome reduction as the dominant mode of evolution. A common belief is that evolution generally proceeds towards greater complexity at both the organismal and the genomic level, numerous examples of reductive evolution of parasites and symbionts notwithstanding. However, recent evolutionary reconstructions challenge this notion." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bies.201300037/full View in LinkedIn

SIMPLICITY NOT SELECTED. "Most processes in eukaryotes generally evolve toward complexity, presumably because complexity provides more regulatory opportunities and perhaps also because there is no selective pressure to enforce simplicity." Not always true. https://lnkd.in/d8Qr_bk View in LinkedIn

MANTRA OF COMPLEXIFICATION. "The textbook depiction of the evolution of life on earth is that of an ascent toward a steadily increasing organismal complexity: from primitive protocells to prokaryotic cells to the eukaryotic cell to multicellular organisms to animals to humans, the crowning achievement of the entire history of life." https://lnkd.in/egqWFZp View in LinkedIn