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EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT. "It was already clear that the course of development, or ontogeny, of an organism is the product both of selection acting on mechanisms of development and of the evolutionary history of its particular lineage." https://lnkd.in/d2_xbfe View in LinkedIn

CHALLENGE RESULT. "We thus achieve autonomy of design and construction using evolution in a `limited universe' physical simulation coupled to automatic fabrication." https://lnkd.in/dJJ9HmD View in LinkedIn

HETEROCHRONY. "De Beer presented a mechanistic explanation by which changes in the timing of developmental events in the descendant as contrasted with the ancestor could yield evolutionary novelties by changing the relations of developmental features." https://lnkd.in/d2_xbfe View in LinkedIn

CHALLENGE METHOD. "Here we report the results of a combined computational and experimental approach in which simple electromechanical systems are evolved through simulations from basic building blocks (bars, actuators and artificial neurons); the `fittest' machines (defined by their locomotive ability) are then fabricated robotically using rapid manufacturing technology." https://lnkd.in/dJJ9HmD View in LinkedIn

MORPHOGENIC PHASE. "Did evolution really have an early 'morphogenic' phase during which most major body plans originated?" https://lnkd.in/d-B5nwz View in LinkedIn

AUTONOMOUS DESIGN CHALLENGE. "Biological life is in control of its own means of reproduction, which generally involves complex, autocatalysing chemical reactions. But this autonomy of design and manufacture has not yet been realized artificially." https://lnkd.in/dJJ9HmD View in LinkedIn

CONSERVED BODY PLANS. "Higher taxonomic groups, most notably phyla, poses suites of anatomical features that distinguish them from other groups. Such an underlying anatomical arrangement is called a body plan. Body plans arose rapidly during the radiation of the first animals but have been conserved since their first debut." https://lnkd.in/d2_xbfe View in LinkedIn

SOFT ROBOT EVOLUTION VIDEO. https://lnkd.in/dD-uMQK View in LinkedIn

ANCIENT BODY PATTERNS. “The basic animal body plans are half a billion years old. Arthropods, chordates, mollusks, echinoderms and others can all be recognized from the first appearance of the animal fossil record. Even so, the striking diversity of living animals shows that dramatic evolutionary transformations have taken place within these ancient patterns." https://lnkd.in/d2_xbfe View in LinkedIn

CONTROL HOMOLOGIES. "One of the most remarkable discoveries of the past few years is that the major elements controlling animal development are quite similar across a wide range of body plans." https://lnkd.in/dx4KvtT View in LinkedIn