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MOLECULAR MACHINES. "A class of artificial molecular machines consisting of folded and interconnected chains of basic artificial molecule constituents is described. Such machines are shown capable of carrying out any effective computational procedure. They can also produce molecule strings which are coded descriptions of themselves." https://lnkd.in/dhk_qd9 View in LinkedIn

SWARM CHEMISTRY. "We propose swarm chemistry a new artificial chemistry framework that uses artificial swarm populations as chemical reactants. Reaction in swarm chemistry is not determined by predefined reaction rules as commonly assumed in typical artificial chemistry studies, but is spontaneously achieved by the emergence of a new spatiotemporal pattern of collective behavior through the kinetic interaction between multiple chemical species.” https://lnkd.in/d4tbDm9 View in LinkedIn

SWARM BEHAVIORS. "Swarm Chemistry is a system devised by Sayama to model and simulate the behavior of groups of, for example, fish and ants." It can also be used for modeling evolving interacting particles. https://lnkd.in/d7dSPqh View in LinkedIn

SWARM INTELLIGENCE. "The collective intelligence of groups of simple agents... Autonomy, emergence and distributed functioning replace control, preprogramming and centralization." https://lnkd.in/dNa8D-D View in LinkedIn

THE OXYGEN FACTOR. "All global giants are aerobically active animals, not gentle giants with low metabolic demands. Oxygen concentration in the atmosphere correlates with gigantism in the Paleozoic but not thereafter, likely because of the elaboration of efficient gas-exchange systems in clades containing giants." https://lnkd.in/dv_ZqB3 View in LinkedIn

COLLOID SWARMS. "The article describes swarm dynamics of a system composed of colloidal particles that release chemical signals to navigate their peers toward the location of a static point target in two dimensions." https://lnkd.in/dQPNQZa View in LinkedIn

SCALING OXYGEN TRANSPORT. "If this were the case, then one would expect to observe an increase of investment in gas exchange structures in larger insects, i.e. hypermetric scaling. This has been observed in tenebrionid beetle trachea." https://lnkd.in/dVziXg3 View in LinkedIn

“SWARM THEORY may be applied to Artificial Chemistry populations of mixed particles or even homogeneous particles. Although the simple agents in most swarms are infinitely more comp,ex than simple chemical agents, there may be some similarities. It may also apply to competing populations of computer code.” https://lnkd.in/dQPNQZa View in LinkedIn

PLUMBING LIMITATIONS. "Why are insects small? In the Paleozoic Era, atmospheric oxygen levels peaked significantly higher than the current level. Along with this oxygen peak came giant insects, many times larger than those currently observed. This suggests that oxygen transport may inhibit insects from becoming giants." https://lnkd.in/dVziXg3 View in LinkedIn

COMPLEX MOLECULES. "SimSoup model that is closer to real chemistry and more open ended. Molecules and the types of Interactions between them are constructed by the model itself using simple rules based on valence theory. Results of a preliminary run of the model are presented. Most of the Molecules produced are of a few simple types with low molecular weight. There is a ‘long tail’ of many low frequency Molecules, many of which are more complex with high molecular weight." https://lnkd.in/dEyx_i7 View in LinkedIn