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FRAGMENT FROM NATURE deals with plant photo-reception and the all-important control of flowering, which is critical for the successful reproduction of the species. Light plays an enormously important role in the clocks of most species, and conveniently varies in duration according to the season. However, even the periodicity of the sun is more complicated than that, affected by the atmosphere, clouds, and geography; and creatures have found ways to work around these variables. https://lnkd.in/dE5CVvG View in LinkedIn

OS MONOCULTURE. "If everyone is using the same operating system or the same applications software or the same networking protocol, and a security vulnerability is discovered in that OS or software or protocol, a single exploit can affect everyone. This is the problem of large-scale Internet worms: many have affected millions of computers on the Internet." https://lnkd.in/dvZvf8T View in LinkedIn

GIANT POSSIBILITIES. "As everyone knows, a random nucleotide strand as long as an average gene has an absurdly high number of possible sequences. If an average gene is 1,000 nucleotides, the number of possible sequences it can have is 4^1000, or about 10^600. The chance of finding any gene currently expressed anywhere in biology in that sequence space, in even 10^50 trials, is less than 10^-500." https://lnkd.in/dH9XaVn View in LinkedIn

MONOCULTURES. "The vulnerability of monocultures to disease and insects...Pathogens spread more readily, and epidemics tend to be more severe, when the host plants (or animals) are more genetically uniform and crowded. The pathogens encounter less resistance to spreading than they do in mixed stands. Outbreaks of disease, invasions of insects, and climatic anomalies have caused many wholesale crop and animal failures in the past." https://lnkd.in/dcM4Wxq View in LinkedIn

COLD COMFORT. "Several parties have attempted calculations of the likelihood of viruses evolving from "inanimate code" by random mutation. In general, the time estimated for such an event was several times the lifespan of the universe. Yet most studies shared significant flaws...in the calculations." (Page 50). https://lnkd.in/etkXtU6 View in LinkedIn

NATURE IS INDIFFERENT. "All these programs have fitness functions which is explicitely a direction given by an intelligent agent. Nature has no fitness function. Nature, or rather Darwin’s version of nature, doesn’t give a flying flop if anything is alive or not." https://lnkd.in/dZqxxrU View in LinkedIn

VIRAL CODE EVOLUTION. "At least one case has been seen of two viruses "crossing over" to produce offspring...(but) a random change is unlikely to create a viable program. This however does not prevent evolution." (Page 50). https://lnkd.in/etkXtU6 View in LinkedIn

SIMPLISTIC. "The ‘Hello World’ program analogy is inadequate for the task of modeling naturalistic evolutionary theory, it is way too simplistic." https://lnkd.in/dZqxxrU View in LinkedIn

PLANETARY EVIDENCE. "What is the chance of producing, by random mutation and natural selection, the digital computer program that is the DNA molecule, not to mention the protein synthesis machinery and information-processing mechanism, all of which is mutually interdependent for function and survival?" https://lnkd.in/dZqxxrU View in LinkedIn

CONTRARIAN. "Writing Computer Programs by Random Mutation and Natural Selection. What is the probability of arriving at our Hello World program by random mutation and natural selection? The unfathomable probabilistic hurdles that must be overcome to produce the simplest of all computer programs by Darwinian mechanisms." https://lnkd.in/dZqxxrU View in LinkedIn