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NO EXAMPLES. "With the exception of biological organisms, we have no examples of self-replicating, evolving chemical systems." https://lnkd.in/dhc7k7H View in LinkedIn

REVERSIBLE POLYPLOIDY. "It is immediately apparent that polyploidy is, at least in part, reversible, and that over time it is followed by massive chromosomal rearrangements, reductions in chromosome number, and the large-scale loss of both repetitive sequences and duplicated genes all leading to genome downsizing." https://lnkd.in/eiPytFX View in LinkedIn

"TECHNOSPHERE was another pioneering artificial life project, with a population of 90,000 creatures." https://lnkd.in/dssAfsd View in LinkedIn

UNEXPECTED. "All of the behaviours described were exhibited by creatures of the order of thousands of instructions or less. By comparison, viruses also tend towards the thousands of instructions, although examples have been demonstrated that were less than 40 bytes. The actions that we normally associate with higher organisms may arise in viruses more easily than expected." https://lnkd.in/g5hUBjg View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this first of two weekends on the subject of genomic complexity. The the onion question exemplifies the issue. Next time you are chopping onions, use and consider that simple question, and see yourself in context. More next weekend. View in LinkedIn

"MACRO VIRUSES use an application's own macro programming language to distribute themselves. Macro viruses do not infect programs; they infect documents. Macro viruses typically arrive in an infected document, a price list written with MS Word for example." https://lnkd.in/dhKz_EK View in LinkedIn

"BOOT SECTOR VIRUSES can infect hard drives and removable disks, such as floppy disks. The boot sector is an area at the beginning of a hard drive or other disk where information about the drive or disk structure is stored. Symptoms of a boot sector virus may be a computer that is unbootable or gives error messages upon booting. Frustratingly, boot sector viruses may be present with no noticeable problems." https://lnkd.in/dhKz_EK View in LinkedIn

"FILE INFECTOR VIRUSES are those that infect other files or programs on your system. They operate in a number of ways. Once the original 'host' program is run, the virus can stay resident or 'live' inside your systems memory (RAM) and infect programs as they are opened, or they can lay dormant inside another program. Each time that program is run, the virus will infect another program or file." https://lnkd.in/dhKz_EK View in LinkedIn

SPECTRUM OF HARM. "Just as biological viruses range from being quite harmless to lethal, computer viruses may simply cause a harmless message to appear on your screen occasionally, or may render your system inoperable." https://lnkd.in/dhKz_EK View in LinkedIn

HOST PARASITES. "Simply put, viruses are small programs designed with (usually) malicious intent that attach themselves to other programs or files. They are capable of copying themselves throughout a computer or computers. They are called viruses because of the way they emulate their biological namesakes. A virus will infect healthy programs in a host computer and then spread to other healthy hosts, infecting them as well." https://lnkd.in/dhKz_EK View in LinkedIn