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IMPORTANT QUESTION. "Whether the evolution of major adaptations is mainly a matter of amassing such small increments of change, or if a significant proportion occurs through the inclusion of one or more large steps, is vital to the understanding of how evolution works." https://lnkd.in/dDbgqi3 View in LinkedIn

SALTATIONS AND SMALL STEPS. "Step size in evolution is rapidly becoming a major subject of interest to biologists. Traditionally, small changes alone were seen as significant in evolution, and any large differences between an ancestor and its descendant could be explained entirely by the accumulation of many small steps." https://lnkd.in/dDbgqi3 View in LinkedIn

TRANSITIONAL FORMS FOUND. "Amphistium and the new genus Heteronectes, both extinct spiny-finned fishes from the Eocene epoch of Europe, are the most primitive pleuronectiforms known. This condition is intermediate between that in living pleuronectiforms and the arrangement found in other fishes. Amphistium and Heteronectes indicate that the evolution of the profound cranial asymmetry of extant flatfishes was gradual in nature." https://lnkd.in/d4qWcVu View in LinkedIn

WEAK LINK. "Although the transformation of symmetrical larvae into asymmetrical juveniles is well documented, the evolutionary origins of flatfish asymmetry are uncertain because there are no transitional forms linking flatfishes with their symmetrical relatives. The supposed inviability of such intermediates gave pleuronectiforms a prominent role in evolutionary debates, leading to attacks on natural selection and arguments for saltatory change." https://lnkd.in/d4qWcVu View in LinkedIn

HOPEFUL MONSTERS. "There are no known transitional fossils with only partially displaced eyes that would link these asymmetrical flatfishes with their symmetrically shaped relatives. This lack of transitional fossils has been the source of tremendous scientific controversy regarding whether this asymmetry evolved gradually or through a sudden evolutionary leap that produced “hopeful monsters,” as originally described by geneticist Robert Goldschmidt in the 1930s." https://lnkd.in/dvMVSjN View in LinkedIn

BETTER VISION. "As the larva transforms into a settled juvenile the head remodels asymmetrically and one eye is repositioned to the opposite side, giving the settled fish the distinct advantage of a broad visual panorama with two eyes on its `top' side. As metamorphosis progresses, flatfish larvae spend less time swimming and more time settled with their `blind' side touching the ground." https://lnkd.in/dxtUYFT View in LinkedIn

“WICKED, another Mirai-based botnet variant, recently added at least three new exploits to its toolkit, enabling it to target unpatched IoT devices better.” https://lnkd.in/dBM3R6W View in LinkedIn

MANY CHANGES. "Body swim-posture changes during flounder metamorphosis as one eye migrates to the opposite side of the head.” https://lnkd.in/d9EMwRb View in LinkedIn

BOTNET SWARMS. “The Hide ‘N Seek IoT botnet, first detected this past spring, has moved the bar significantly closer to enabling a botnet to function as a swarm. It communicates in a complex and decentralized manner using custom-built peer-to-peer communication to implement a variety of malicious routines. It also leverages multiple anti-tampering techniques to prevent a third party from hijacking or poisoning it, and it is also the first IoT botnet malware strain that can survive device reboots and still remain on compromised devices.” https://lnkd.in/dBM3R6W View in LinkedIn

WHOLESALE CHANGES. "The external transformation in flatfish morphology is accompanied by a plethora of changes in the structure and function of tissues and organs." https://lnkd.in/du68ipH View in LinkedIn