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VERY RARE. "All vertebrates develop lateralized visceral organs during embryogenesis, but flatfish are virtually the only vertebrates that also undergo significant asymmetric post-embryonic development." https://lnkd.in/dxtUYFT View in LinkedIn

FORECASTING OBLIVION. "A single computer randomly generating 1000 bit patterns...would generate a new operational virus...once every 10(+249) years. Even with the expansion of the computer base worldwide it seems highly unlikely that such a random mutation would generate a new computer virus." This is far from convincing. https://lnkd.in/dXsqH3b View in LinkedIn

COMBINED STEP MODEL. "The view of the present author is that in none of them is there convincing evidence to conclude that the groups arose solely through gradual changes. More specifically, there is no basis to reject an evolutionary origin of the major traits in each group that included at least one principal innovation, occurring in a large, discontinuous step, preceded and followed by relatively small, more gradual changes. https://lnkd.in/dDbgqi3 View in LinkedIn

BIG STEP CANDIDATES. "Four “classic” examples of animals—flatfishes, turtles, bolyerine snakes, and gastropod molluscs—each of which has seemed difficult to interpret as resulting from a continuous series of tiny increments." https://lnkd.in/dDbgqi3 View in LinkedIn

IMPORTANT QUESTION. "Whether the evolution of major adaptations is mainly a matter of amassing such small increments of change, or if a significant proportion occurs through the inclusion of one or more large steps, is vital to the understanding of how evolution works." https://lnkd.in/dDbgqi3 View in LinkedIn

SWARM MALWARE. “In this article, we outline a possible dynamics, structure, and a behavior of a hypothetical (up to now) swarm malware as a background for a future antimalware system. We suggest how to capture and visualize behavior of such malware when it walks through the file system of an operating system.” https://lnkd.in/d5Tah64 View in LinkedIn

HOST-PARASITE CO-EVOLUTION. "The organisms faced off against some pretty nasty viruses, ones that quickly overcame the easy ways of becoming resistant...This left only more and more complex options for co-evolving hosts. We thought to ourselves, maybe the organisms that were more readily adaptable than the others, more evolvable, would be the ones left standing at the end of the experiments...the long-lasting hosts were indeed more evolvable." https://lnkd.in/dkJprEM View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this first of two weekends on the extraordinary phenomena of flatfish metamorphosis. Next weekend will focus on chemical and genetic changes in this acrobat of disguise changes, and some of the physiological impact of this lifestyle. Perhaps the next time you have a plate of Dover sole, you will view its little body with greater sympathy and wonder. View in LinkedIn

TRIANGULATION OF SENSES. "It is known that balance in many upright swimming fish is sustained through interactions between the directions of light and gravity such that a typical fish will tilt towards a lateral light source until a new balance with its gravistatic senses is reached." https://lnkd.in/d9EMwRb View in LinkedIn

BETTER VISION. "As the larva transforms into a settled juvenile the head remodels asymmetrically and one eye is repositioned to the opposite side, giving the settled fish the distinct advantage of a broad visual panorama with two eyes on its `top' side. As metamorphosis progresses, flatfish larvae spend less time swimming and more time settled with their `blind' side touching the ground." https://lnkd.in/dxtUYFT View in LinkedIn