Category: Uncategorized

MORE SERIOUS BUG STORIES. “The 1996 maiden flight of the European Space Agency's state-of-the-art Ariane 5 rocket ended in a spectacular explosion over French Guiana. The rocket's inertial guidance system failed to convert a piece of data from a 64-bit format to a 16-bit format. Estimates on the cost of the lost rocket and cargo run to $500 million.” https://lnkd.in/d3YygPs View in LinkedIn

NEXT LEVEL UP. "The social structure of the hive is transmitted epigenetically across generations, and the honeybee genome is an adaptation to the social structure laid down in the distant past." http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/366/1566/878 View in LinkedIn

COMPUTER ERRORS can be serious. “Knight Capital Group, a market-making firm that until August 2012 had a stellar reputation in its industry, blew all of that in about 30 minutes. Between 9:30 a.m. and 10 a.m. EST on August 1, the company’s trading algorithms got a little buggy and decided to buy high and sell low on 150 different stocks. By the time the bleeding had stopped, KCG had lost $440 million on trades.” https://lnkd.in/dAbKmAG View in LinkedIn

HONEYBEE. "An excellent example of gene–environment coevolution is the honeybee, in which the origin of its eusociality probably lay in the high degree of relatedness fostered by haplodiploidy, but which persists in modern species despite the fact that relatedness in the hive is generally quite low, due to multiple queen matings, multiple queens, queen deaths and the like." http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/366/1566/878 View in LinkedIn

SIGNAL NOISE. "Many communication channels are subject to channel noise, and thus errors may be introduced during transmission from the source to a receiver. Error detection techniques allow detecting such errors, while error correction enables reconstruction of the original data in many cases." https://lnkd.in/dA7ruzn View in LinkedIn

ERROR CORRECTION. "Within the equations of supersymmetry he has found, quite unexpectedly, what are called “doubly-even self-dual linear binary error-correcting block codes.” That’s a long-winded label for codes that are commonly used to remove errors in computer transmissions, for example to correct errors in a sequence of bits representing text that has been sent across a wire." https://lnkd.in/d9hDGKw View in LinkedIn

FUNCTIONAL MUTATIONS. "Some mutations, however, can have a huge affect on coding for amino acids, which can in turn affect what proteins are produced, which can have a profound effect on cellular and organismal function." http://www.sparknotes.com/biology/molecular/geneticcode/section3.rhtml View in LinkedIn

SILENT MUTATIONS. "Mutations are errors in codons caused by changes in nucleotide bases. Some mutations may not have much effect. For example, if the codon GAA becomes the codon GAG, because the genetic code is degenerate, the codon will still code for the amino acid glutamate. Such ineffectual mutations are called silent mutations." http://www.sparknotes.com/biology/molecular/geneticcode/section3.rhtml View in LinkedIn

"MUTATION is a permanent change in the sequence of DNA. In order for an observable effect, mutations must occur in gene exons or regulatory elements. Changes in the non-coding regions of DNA (introns and junk DNA) generally do not affect function." https://lnkd.in/dm-wZh5 View in LinkedIn

CODE TRANSMISSION in any system is prone to errors. What happens with these new mutations? Chimpanzees, Shakespeare, and typewriters? Is it not similar to having random mutations inserted into DNA? View in LinkedIn