Category: Uncategorized

FASTER LEARNING. "Reinforcement learning is one of the more prominent machine learning technologies, because of its unsupervised learning structure and its ability to produce continual learning, even in a dynamic operating environment. Applying this learning to cooperative multi-agent systems not only allows each individual agent to learn from its own experience, but also offers the opportunity for the individual agents to learn from other agents in the system, in order to increase the speed of learning." https://lnkd.in/d76E6Cv View in LinkedIn

SEEDS OF INTELLIGENT BEHAVIORS. "The robot is constantly predicting, by observing the motion of its own hand, which kind of subsequent motion will maximize its chances of success. The result is continuous feedback: what we might call hand-eye coordination. Observing the behavior of the robot after over 800,000 grasp attempts, which is equivalent to about 3000 robot-hours of practice, we can see the beginnings of intelligent reactive behaviors." http://googleresearch.blogspot.com.es/2016/03/deep-learning-for-robots-learning-from.html View in LinkedIn

GENE FATES. "An additional possibility is that gene duplicates may also undergo partitioning of function among different genotypes of a species leading to genetic differentiation. Finally, the ability of gene duplicates to diverge may be limited by their biological function." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0001838 View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this contemplation of the evolution of metabolism on a cliffhanger, to be completed next weekend. When you look at texts about metabolism, it is easy to think that these are stable systems, but were the clock of time speeded up, it would show enormous changes, adaptation and plasticity. After all, it evolved to accommodate a newly oxygenated world in its relative infancy, and survived that tremendous challenge. And so it continues to adapt. View in LinkedIn

TANDEM VERSUS SEGMENTAL DUPLICATIONS. Tandems duplications are small and younger local events, segmental duplications are large and older events. View in LinkedIn

IMPACT ON METABOLISM. "I estimated the impact of gene duplication and metabolic function upon intraspecific gene expression variation of segmental and tandem duplicated genes within Arabidopsis thaliana." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0001838 View in LinkedIn

SMALLER TANDEM DUPLICATIONS. "In addition to whole genome events, small local events can generate tandem duplicated genes which are often considered younger than segmental duplicated genes obtained from a whole genome duplication." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0001838 View in LinkedIn

TRANSCRIPT ANALYSIS. "To understand the role that gene duplication and gene expression diversity may play in controlling metabolic pathways, I analyzed transcript accumulation for the complete genome. This analysis includes 21,460 genes for which there are both microarray data and assigned duplication status. 12,676 genes are classified as unique." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0001838 View in LinkedIn

GREATER PLASTICITY IN SECONDARY FUNCTIONS. "We hypothesize that such secondary metabolite pathways may have higher levels of gene duplication and greater gene expression diversity than primary metabolite enzymes." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0001838 View in LinkedIn

SECONDARY FUNCTION GENES. "In contrast to primary metabolism, genes involved in secondary metabolite pathways are marked by a high level of inter and intraspecific variation. The evolution of this diversity is predicted to be driven by gene duplication and consequent neo-functionalization of enzymes." http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0001838 View in LinkedIn