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CHEMISTRY. “Protoplasm chemically reacts as a weak alkali. It is soluble in dilute alkalies and acids but solidifies when treated with strong acids or alcohols. It is quite unstable and readily decomposes into H2O, NH3 and CO2, etc., during chemical analysis.” https://lnkd.in/d6CVbkP View in LinkedIn

PROTOPLASM. “Protoplasm is considered as the living substance inside the cell. It is a complex, translucent substance which is semi-fluid in consistency and composed mainly of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and inorganic salts.” https://lnkd.in/duwHJ4Q View in LinkedIn

CYTOPLASM. “The cytoplasm consists of cytosol, organelles and inclusions whereas the protoplasm consists of cytoplasm, nucleus and cellular membrane. Cytosol of cytoplasm consists of water, salts and organic molecules.” https://lnkd.in/duwHJ4Q View in LinkedIn

PUBLIC VIEW. “In November of 1940, Time magazine celebrated the “primordial heartbeat” manifest in the “pulse of protoplasm” from the lowly slime mold, Physarum polycephalum.” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jipb.12317/full View in LinkedIn

AN ACT OF CHARITY. “It is perhaps more foolhardy than courageous to assert that an almost universally used term is meaningless. Yet such an assertion I make here. I believe that a careful consideration of the term protoplasm will convince the unprejudiced judge that its various assigned meanings are so contradictory and have such uncertain reference to facts that to call the term meaningless is no more than an act of simple charity.” http://www.jstor.org/stable/42581616 View in LinkedIn

BEYOND CHEMISTRY ALONE. “Protoplasm refers to a mixture of chemicals that can collectively use sources of energy and chemical building blocks in a suitable environment to synthesize or assimilate more of the same set of chemicals.” https://lnkd.in/dq_dKJk View in LinkedIn

SIMILAR BUT DIFFERENT. “Cat protoplasm and dog protoplasm are not alike; protoplasm of the corn leaf differs from the protoplasm of the oak leaf; indeed the protoplasm of different parts of the same organism differ to some extent...yet in spite if this, the fundamental nature of all kinds of protoplasm is the same.” http://www.jstor.org/stable/42581616 View in LinkedIn

CHEMICAL MEMORIES. “Memories are made by messenger RNA (mRNA) that encode β-actin protein. These proteins are responsible for shaping and structuring cells in the neurons. As events unfold, β-actin protein is responsible for reshaping the neurons and creating a path, retracing the synaptic steps.” https://lnkd.in/dsNd_xr View in LinkedIn

THE HUNGRY BRAIN. “In the average adult human, the brain represents about 2% of the total body weight yet it accounts for 20% of all the energy consumed, 10 times that predicted by its weight alone.” https://lnkd.in/dfdbGFX View in LinkedIn