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EFFECT ON GENES. “Various animals (bacteria, bees, fishes, birds, etc.) show the ability to find orientation in the geomagnetic field. This magnetoreception effect can be explained by the presence of small biogenic magnetite crystals in their organisms that interact with the geomagnetic field. Some studies carried out on rodents show that they respond to magnetic stimulation in the earth's magnetic field by the expression of activity genes like C-fos, but the mechanism of magnetoreception for them it is still unknown.” https://lnkd.in/egqBGFN View in LinkedIn

HOMING DEVICE. “Many animals rely on the Earth’s magnetic field for spatial orientation and navigation, especially migratory species of birds and pigeons, fish, insects, sea turtles, lobsters, and bats.” https://lnkd.in/ePBe7DA View in LinkedIn

“MAGNETITE, a ferrimagnetic oxide of iron is synthesized in the nanocrystalline form by many living organisms. Magnetotactic bacteria and iron reducing bacteria are naturally known to precipitate magnetite nanocrystals. Besides bacteria, unicellular algae- Euglena, dinoflagellates, as well as higher animals such as salmon, butterfly, army ants, pigeons, and even human brain mineralize magnetite nanoparticles.” https://lnkd.in/es5DATt View in LinkedIn

EARTH MAGNET. “The Earth generates its own magnetic field (the geomagnetic field), which is mostly caused by electric currents in the liquid outer core of the Earth (the “dynamo effect”). The magnetic field measured at the Earth’s surface is similar to the magnetic field one would expect to see if a large dipole magnet was placed in the center of the Earth.” https://scholar.google.es/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0,5&as_ylo=2015&q=magnetoreception View in LinkedIn

"A HOMOPLASY is a character shared by a set of species but not present in their common ancestor. A good example is the evolution of the eye which has originated independently in many different species. When this happens it is sometimes called a convergence. Homoplasies can be compared with homologies, which are characters shared by a set of species and are present in their common ancestor." https://lnkd.in/dcMj-xb View in LinkedIn

SMART PROTEINS. "Scientists ... have taken proteins from nerve cells and used them to create a "smart" material that is extremely sensitive to its environment. This marriage of materials science and biology could give birth to a flexible, sensitive coating that is easy and cheap to manufacture in large quantities." https://lnkd.in/eYsu4hB View in LinkedIn

DECEPTIVE SIMILARITY. "By the same token, the arborescent growth habit of many present-day and extinct vascular plants which is achieved by virtue of secondary tissues produced by the vascular and cork cambia (e.g. Lepidodendron, Calamites and Pinus) is mimicked by monocot and fern species lacking cambia (e.g. Cocos nucifera and Cyathea medullaris)." http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/85/4/411.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

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BELOW THE SURFACE. "General appearance and size also belie very different tissue constructions and developmental capacities. The non-vascular blade-stipe-holdfast architecture of some marine brown algae is constructed with an intercalary meristem (e.g. Agarum and Macrocystis) and yet is remarkably similar to the leaf-stem-root configuration of the vascular land plants." http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/85/4/411.full.pdf View in LinkedIn