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IMPACT OF BIPEDALISM. “The reduction of the olfactory mucosa seen in humans is strongly associated with the adaptive shift of a quadropedal locomotion gait to bipedality. Homo erectus is considered the first committed biped in our evolutionary history, which required the repositioning of the foramen magnum (a more anterior inferior placement) in order to balance the skull over the vertebral column and accommodate erect posture.” http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&SubType=2&DOI=10.5319%2Fwjo.v6.i2.33&FilePath=Pub%5C10.5319%5Cv6%5Ci2%5CWJO-6-33.doc View in LinkedIn

NEW CONCEPT. "In 2003, we proposed that polar auxin transport at the root apex is accomplished through a neurotransmitter-like mode, with auxin being secreted via an endocytic vesicle recycling process across the plant-specific synapses of root apices." http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00044/full View in LinkedIn

FINAL MANIFESTATION. “In humans, the evolutionary pattern of the nasal region as seen in the haplorhine non-human primates is continued in our species. The human nose appears as one organ with no morphological evidence distinguishing between the respiratory and olfactory noses.” http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&SubType=2&DOI=10.5319%2Fwjo.v6.i2.33&FilePath=Pub%5C10.5319%5Cv6%5Ci2%5CWJO-6-33.doc View in LinkedIn

VERY CURIOUS. "Both L-glutamate and serotonin are root-specific in their control of development and phenotypic plasticity of plants." http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00044/full View in LinkedIn

CONSEQUENCES OF HUNTER’S EYES. “The visual predation hypothesis explains the adaptive significance of a variety of skeletal features that characterize modern primates as they transitioned to an arboreal mode of life. The change in orbital orientation enhanced stereoscopic vision, which was essential in the manually effective capture of food in a three dimensional setting of arboreal life but it may have initiated a cascade of morphological events to occur elsewhere in the craniofacial region particularly in the nasal area.” http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&SubType=2&DOI=10.5319%2Fwjo.v6.i2.33&FilePath=Pub%5C10.5319%5Cv6%5Ci2%5CWJO-6-33.doc View in LinkedIn

ANIMAL MOLECULES IN PLANT ROOTS. "In addition to serotonin, L-glutamate, and acetylcholine are also known to regulate root growth and root system architecture, the latter as a ligand of plant glutamate receptor-like channels." http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00044/full View in LinkedIn

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UNCANNY CONSERVATION. "Serotonin, tryptophan-derived transmitter conserved in plants and animals, is structurally similar to auxin." http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00044/full View in LinkedIn

WET NOSE TYPES. “Strepsirrhines, on the other hand, exhibit a partitioned respiratory and olfactory region within the nasal cavity by possessing a transverse lamina coupled by their complex ethmoturbinate system. But while the order of Primates is classified within the microsmatic group of mammals (this group shifted from an olfactory mode of existence to a visual reliance of subsistence), carnivores (classified as macrosmatic meaning their whole existence is based on smell) have the most complex and elaborate turbinate system in all of mammalia.” http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/DownLoadFile.aspx?Type=Digital&SubType=2&DOI=10.5319%2Fwjo.v6.i2.33&FilePath=Pub%5C10.5319%5Cv6%5Ci2%5CWJO-6-33.doc View in LinkedIn

COMMON LANGUAGE. "Auxin acts as a bacterial and a fungal signaling molecule, facilitating the evolution of interkingdom communication. As a consequence of the polar auxin transport in plants, auxins derived from bacteria and filamentous fungi living in the rhizosphere initiate several growth and developmental processes such as root hair initiation and tip growth, lateral root formation, and the plasticity of root system architecture." http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00044/full View in LinkedIn