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DATA INPUT. "The expression of jasmonate-induced responses is tightly regulated by the ecological context of the plant. Ecological information is provided by molecular signals that indicate the nature of the attacker, the value of the attacked organs, phytochrome status and thereby proximity of competing plants, association with beneficial organisms and history of plant interactions with pathogens and herbivores." https://lnkd.in/dVSmX9n View in LinkedIn

PLANTS "are more leery of actual vegetation than they are of inanimate objects, and they respond to potential competitors before actually being shaded by them. These are sophisticated behaviors, but, like most plant behaviors, to an animal they’re either invisible or really, really slow." https://lnkd.in/dvFaNgd View in LinkedIn

And Girona also has its share of outsized doors. View in LinkedIn

SYMMETRICAL EXPRESSION. "An increasing number of studies from across angiosperms indicate that morphological shifts between radial symmetry and bilateral symmetry are correlated with independent transitions in asymmetric expression of members of the ECE clade of TCP TFs, of which CYCLOIDEA (CYC) was the first characterized member." ( TFs = transcription factors). http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.13198/full View in LinkedIn

FLORAL SYMMETRY GENES. "Here we examine the complexity of GRNs by examining one thread of the floral symmetry pathway: TCP and MYB genes and the petal whorl." (GRN = gene regulatory networks). http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.13198/full View in LinkedIn

FLORAL SYMMETRY DRIVERS. "In addition to position, changes in morphological characteristics such as symmetry in petal shape, presence or absence of trichomes on petals, colour differences among petals, and changes in cell types on petal surfaces can also lead to shifts in floral symmetry." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.13198/full View in LinkedIn

MULTIPLE PETAL FORMS. "In core eudicots this ultimately results in three petal types: a medially positioned abaxial (ventral) petal, two lateral petals and two adaxial (dorsal) petals. Each of these separate groups (two dorsal petals, two lateral petals, and single ventral petal) can vary in multiple morphological characteristics to result in a floral form with a single dorsoventral plane of symmetry." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.13198/full View in LinkedIn

RADIAL VERSUS BILATERAL SYMMETRY. "While flower symmetry is generally categorized as radially symmetrical or bilaterally symmetrical, there are clearly many variable traits that make each separate species unique. For example, a shift from radial to bilateral symmetry involving the petal whorl involves a transition from a single petal form within the flower to the individualization of petals within the whorl and the resulting possibility of having multiple petal forms." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.13198/full View in LinkedIn

PERSEVERATING EVOLUTION. "During diversification of flowering plants, similar adaptive traits have been gained and even lost repeatedly, often utilizing or coopting similar GRNs. This trend is highlighted by the recurrent shifts in floral symmetry, in which there have been a hypothesized 70 shifts from radial to bilaterally symmetrical flowers and countless reversals back to radial symmetry." (GRN = gene regulatory networks). https://lnkd.in/dD4GcAS View in LinkedIn