Category: Uncategorized

ORIENTATION. “The plasma entry is strongly modulated by the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field, and thus enhanced during periods of southward IMF.” (IMF= interplanetary magnetic field). https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

PLASMAS AND FIELDS. “While the magnetospheric field in general excludes the solar wind plasma from the magnetosphere, at times the solar wind can gain entry into the magnetosphere through the magnetopause. This occurs when the IMF and the magnetospheric fields are antiparallel and magnetic reconnection creates an “open magnetosphere” configuration with a field component normal to the boundary.” (IMF= interplanetary magnetic field). https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

COSMIC MAGNETS. “The ionosphere is coupled to the magnetosphere by highly structured and dynamic field-aligned currents, which on an average sense form a pair of large-scale field-aligned current sheets.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

GLOBAL CONVECTION. “The solar wind electric field drives a global convection pattern in the ionosphere, which produces convection electrojets carried by drift currents flowing eastward on the duskside and westward on the dawnside of the ionosphere. Consequently, the plasma flows from the dayside toward the nightside over the polar cap, returning to the dayside along the lower latitudes, consistent with the Dungey cycle.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

ION LAYER. “From space weather point of view, the ionosphere is significant both because of its effects on radio waves and because it hosts strong electric currents whose effects extend to the ground.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

IONOSPHERE. “Above about 80 km altitude, the solar ultraviolet radiation ionizes a small portion of the atmospheric gas creating what is known as the ionosphere. The ionospheric plasma processes couple both to the neutral atmosphere below and to the magnetospheric processes above.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

HIGH SPEED NEUTRALS. “The slow neutral atoms charge-exchanging with fast charged particles create a population of high-speed neutrals that propagate linearly away from the collision site. During active times, when the flux of energetic charged particles is sufficiently high, this provides (the only) means to image the inner parts of the magnetosphere.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

GEOCORONA. “While the neutral atoms and molecules are not influenced by the electromagnetic forces, the geocorona is significant to space physics processes in at least two ways: Coulomb collisions and charge-exchange processes with neutral atoms are significant loss mechanisms for energetic charged particles in the inner magnetosphere, and thus contribute to the recovery of quiet conditions after a magnetic storm.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn