21Sep 2022 by Nigel Fleming No Comments
linkedin post 2020-12-16 05:21:43

linkedin post 2020-12-16 05:21:43

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IONOSPHERE. “Above about 80 km altitude, the solar ultraviolet radiation ionizes a small portion of the atmospheric gas creating what is known as the ionosphere. The ionospheric plasma processes couple both to the neutral atmosphere below and to the magnetospheric processes above.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn
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21Sep 2022 by Nigel Fleming No Comments
linkedin post 2020-12-16 05:20:18

linkedin post 2020-12-16 05:20:18

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HIGH SPEED NEUTRALS. “The slow neutral atoms charge-exchanging with fast charged particles create a population of high-speed neutrals that propagate linearly away from the collision site. During active times, when the flux of energetic charged particles is sufficiently high, this provides (the only) means to image the inner parts of the magnetosphere.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn
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21Sep 2022 by Nigel Fleming No Comments
linkedin post 2020-12-16 05:18:45

linkedin post 2020-12-16 05:18:45

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GEOCORONA. “While the neutral atoms and molecules are not influenced by the electromagnetic forces, the geocorona is significant to space physics processes in at least two ways: Coulomb collisions and charge-exchange processes with neutral atoms are significant loss mechanisms for energetic charged particles in the inner magnetosphere, and thus contribute to the recovery of quiet conditions after a magnetic storm.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn
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21Sep 2022 by Nigel Fleming No Comments
linkedin post 2020-12-18 03:30:28

linkedin post 2020-12-18 03:30:28

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COLLIDING ELECTRIC FIELDS. “The Earth’s rotation sets up an electric field, which drags the cold plasma into a corotational motion. The interplay between the solar wind-imposed electric field and the corotation electric field creates a boundary inside of which particles are trapped on closed orbits around the Earth.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn
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21Sep 2022 by Nigel Fleming No Comments

linkedin post 2020-12-17 04:28:58

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THE SLENDER REMAINDER. “More is unknown than is known. We know how much dark energy there is because we know how it affects the universe's expansion. Other than that, it is a complete mystery. But it is an important mystery. It turns out that roughly 68% of the universe is dark energy. Dark matter makes up about 27%. The rest - everything on Earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments, all normal matter - adds up to less than 5% of the universe.” This is our reality. https://lnkd.in/dZz7Cr7 View in LinkedIn
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21Sep 2022 by Nigel Fleming No Comments
linkedin post 2020-12-17 04:27:53

linkedin post 2020-12-17 04:27:53

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GIANT TORUS. “The radius of the torus is variable, but typically the plasmasphere extends close to geostationary orbit, being more compressed during geomagnetically active times and more extended during long periods of magnetic quiescence.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn
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21Sep 2022 by Nigel Fleming No Comments
linkedin post 2020-12-17 04:26:33

linkedin post 2020-12-17 04:26:33

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PARTICULATE TORUS. “The upward extension of the ionosphere, the plasmasphere, is a torus filled with low-energy (around 1 eV), dense (10–1000cm−3) plasma originating from the ionosphere. The plasmasphere consists mostly of protons, with singly charged helium accounting for about 20% of the number density.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn
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