Category: Uncategorized

CONNECTEDNESS. “Any change in the balance between incident and outgoing radiation can have an effect on the climate. Changes in the incoming energy may be associated with changes in cloudiness, amount of volcanic dust in the atmosphere, and amounts of either natural or anthropogenic origin aerosols.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

OZONE HOLES. “The ultraviolet part of the spectrum is also a strong modulator of the production of ozone, which is clearly demonstrated in the annual variation of the polar ozone holes which intensify during the local spring when the amount of UV radiation increases.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

SOLAR CYCLE. “The “solar constant” that averages to about 1368 W/m2 has been shown to exhibit a distinct solar cycle variation. The total solar irradiance also varies at 27-day intervals, the variability being larger during high solar activity than during solar minimum conditions.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

SUN EFFECT ON CLIMATE. “As the amount of energy from the Sun reaching the surface of the Earth is variable, it is only natural to expect that its long-term variations would affect the large-scale climatology of the Earth.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

SOLAR NITROGEN CHEMISTRY. “The effects caused by these short-lived solar proton events can last for months in the atmosphere. Similarly, relativistic electrons from the magnetosphere affect the nitrogen chemistry at somewhat higher altitudes (50–100 km).” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

CLOUD FORMATION. “At ground level, the cosmic ray particles cause ionization, and the associated vertical electric currents can influence the production of ice-forming nuclei and clouds in the upper troposphere. These effects might be related to local decreases in the amount of cloud cover associated with short-term changes in the cosmic rays due to increased solar activity.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

COSMIC RAYS AND AEROSOLS. “The correlation of cosmic rays on only low-altitude cloud cover suggests that the cosmic rays may influence the formation of aerosols and through that the abundance of condensation nuclei in the atmosphere which can form liquid water drops.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn

UNDERGROUND PIPES. “In buried pipelines, geomagnetically induced currents and the associated pipe-to-soil voltages contribute to corrosion and disturb corrosion control surveys and protection systems.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.12942/lrsp-2007-1 View in LinkedIn