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MERCURY. “In contrast to the other terrestrial planets Mercury does not have an atmosphere, but it has a relatively weak magnetic field. The strong solar UV radiation leads to photo-chemical escape of ions from Mercury's surface. Also solar wind protons can penetrate through the magnetospheric cusps and sputter ions off the surface. Due to the absence of an ionosphere no significant energy can be stored in the magnetosphere of Mercury such that solar wind disturbances will lead to short time deformations of the magnetosphere.” https://lnkd.in/dVhpP9H View in LinkedIn

MARS. “In the absence of an intrinsic dipole magnetic field, Mars' O+ planetary ions are accelerated by the solar wind. Because of their large gyroradius, a population of these planetary ions can precipitate back into Mars' upper atmosphere with enough energy to eject neutrals into space via collision. This process, referred to as sputtering, may have been a dominant atmospheric loss process during earlier stages of our Sun. “ https://lnkd.in/djesTG5 View in LinkedIn

“VENUS is the most dangerous planet in the solar system: its surface is at 393°C, hot enough to melt lead. It’s even hotter than the planet Mercury, which is closest to the Sun. Venus’ atmosphere is acidic and thick. Its clouds, which hide the surface from view, contain concentrated sulfuric acid — strong enough to dissolve most metals used to make spacecraft. The atmosphere is nearly as thick as liquid water because its surface pressure is extremely high — 93 times the pressure of Earth’s atmosphere.” https://lnkd.in/dAsAqH7 View in LinkedIn

“PLASMA is also quite common in our solar system and present in the interplanetary space or even trapped within the self-generated magnetic fields of several planets. Plasma in the interplanetary space originates primarily from the Sun from where it escapes due to its high pressure, forming the solar wind. The solar wind can interact with the magnetic fields of many planets.” https://lnkd.in/dVhpP9H View in LinkedIn

EXOTIC MATTER. “Beside the commonly known states of matter - the solid, liquid and gaseous phase - there exist more exotic states. One is the plasma state. This is a gas that does not consist only out of neutral particles, but also to a large fraction out of ions and electrons. On earth plasmas can be found in lightning discharges as well as in the ionosphere. They have technological applications in plasma displays and experimental fusion reactors. Since stars also consist of plasma, most of the visible universe is in this state of matter.” https://lnkd.in/dVhpP9H View in LinkedIn

QUARK STARS “Neutron stars with large quark cores corresponding to more than one fourth of the total star mass are possible if the energy density gap and the pressure at transition are below 100 MeV/fm3.” https://lnkd.in/dBBmKNh View in LinkedIn

A curiously torsioned archway that further curves within the passeageway (Girona). View in LinkedIn

DOGGER BANK, “In the 1830s, small sailing vessels on the Dogger could catch a tonne of halibut per day. Today, the entire fishing fleet catches less than two tonnes a year.” https://lnkd.in/d5UYBUf View in LinkedIn

STRANGE STARS. “Unlike neutron stars, which have a critical mass, there is no minimum mass for SSs. Using the equation of state for SQM from phenomenological models, some authors have predicted the existence of a hydrostatically stable sequence of SQM stars, ranging from strange dwarfs to SSs It is interesting to note that strange planets exist in this continuous sequence.” (SQM = Strange-quark matter). (SS = strange stars). https://lnkd.in/daa6d3s View in LinkedIn

STRANGER THAN FICTION. “If the SQM hypothesis is correct, then all observed pulsars may actually be SSs but not neutron stars, due to the contamination process by strange nuggets in the universe. SSs can exist in various forms, such as bare SSs or SSs with a normal baryonic crust.” (SQM = Strange-quark matter). (SS = strange stars). https://lnkd.in/daa6d3s View in LinkedIn