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SEEDS OF MASSIVENESS. “In one theorized formation channel, IMBHs are the seeds for supermassive black holes in the early universe. As a result, IMBHs are predicted to exist in the local universe in dwarf galaxies, as well as wandering in more massive galaxy halos.” (IMBHs = intermediate mass black holes). https://lnkd.in/dYX7TQV View in LinkedIn

MASS GAP. “The previously assumed ‘mass gap’ between stellar black holes (∼1–100 M⊙) and supermassive black holes (SMBHs; ∼106–109 M⊙) may be filled in, though to what extent is still very uncertain.” (IMBHs = intermediate mass black holes (102–105 M⊙): M⊙ = unit of celestial mass). https://lnkd.in/dYX7TQV View in LinkedIn

MISSING CATEGORY. “Where are the Intermediate Mass Black Holes? Observational evidence has been mounting for the existence of intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs, 102–105 M⊙), but observing them at all, much less constraining their masses, is very challenging.” (M⊙ = unit of celestial mass). https://lnkd.in/dYX7TQV View in LinkedIn

QUESTION OF OPTICS. “One major challenge for observations of IMBHs is dynamical. The radius of influence of a black hole scales linearly with its mass; thus it is difficult to detect the influence of IMBHs on nearby stars without extremely high spatial resolution.” (IMBHs = intermediate mass black holes). https://lnkd.in/dYX7TQV View in LinkedIn

PROMISING CANDIDATE. “If such objects were to experience a rapid accretion event, they would be seen as (likely off-nuclear) ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). ULXs are common in star-forming regions and are often attributed to neutron stars or stellar black holes experiencing Eddington or super-Eddington accretion, or beamed emission.” (ULXs = ultra-luminous X-ray sources). https://lnkd.in/dYX7TQV View in LinkedIn

HIDDEN GENERATORS. “Our own Milky Way hosts such postulated objects; gas clouds near the Galactic Center possessing unusually large velocity dispersions are thought to harbor hidden IMBHs.” (IMBHs = intermediate mass black holes). https://lnkd.in/dYX7TQV View in LinkedIn

HUNTING THE SNARK. “Another avenue for hunting down IMBHs exists in off-center compact sources in large galaxies. The process of hierarchical merging results in the tidal disruption of low-mass galaxies as they enter larger halos. If those low-mass galaxies host IMBHs, the black holes will wander in the larger galaxy as they inspiral toward the center.” (IMBHs = intermediate mass black holes). https://lnkd.in/dYX7TQV View in LinkedIn

ORIGIN OF SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES. “Population III stars are expected to be common in the early universe, forming in every galaxy in its first epochs of star formation. Direct collapse black holes, in contrast, are predicted to be more rare, because they require a special set of conditions in order to form.” https://lnkd.in/dYX7TQV View in LinkedIn

The gynoecium at its best. View in LinkedIn

OVERCOMING BOTTLENECKS. “Statistical analysis of the physiochemical properties of enzymes within this network show an enrichment for iron-sulfur and transition metal coenzymes. By broadening our analysis of protometabolism with the inclusion of different types of coenzyme precursor couplings, we further show that thioesters, rather than phosphate, could have enabled this core metabolism to overcome energetic bottlenecks, supporting the feasibility of a metabolically rich thioester-based early biochemistry.” https://lnkd.in/dcwZe7b View in LinkedIn