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“STRUCTURE formation happens hierarchically, and real DM halos haven’t reached a steady state. They contain substructure in the form of subhalos and tidal streams, and the velocity distribution contains imprints of the halo’s assembly history.” (DM = dark matter). https://lnkd.in/e6ifiQMn View in LinkedIn

EQUILIBRIUM. “Collisionless particles can change their energy and reach a steady state if they experience a fluctuating gravitational potential (a process known as ‘violent relation’).” https://lnkd.in/e6ifiQMn View in LinkedIn

ELEPHANT IN THE ROOM. “If we want to confirm the existence of DM (and the standard ΛCDM cosmological model) we need to detect it. The signatures expected in DM detection experiments depend on how it’s distributed.” (DM = dark matter; ΛCDM = Lambda cold dark matter). https://lnkd.in/e6ifiQMn View in LinkedIn

ASTROPHYSICS GAP. “Explaining all of the diverse observations discussed above, on scales ranging from individual galaxies to the Universe as a whole is, however, a major challenge.” https://lnkd.in/e6ifiQMn View in LinkedIn

NEW LAWS OF PHYSICS? “While Newton’s laws have been tested to high accuracy on terrestrial scales, the laws of gravity could, in principle, be different on astronomical/cosmological scales.” https://lnkd.in/e6ifiQMn View in LinkedIn

DUST AND AEROSOL CLOUD. “The consequences of that impact would indeed have been catastrophic, not just in the geographic region around the impact site, but worldwide because of environmental changes from an atmospheric dust and aerosol cloud that would have remained for years in the stratosphere.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn

COINCIDENT IN TIME. “The discovery of the Chicxulub impact crater in the Yucatan Peninsula on the Gulf of Mexico confirmed, from its size and structure, that a large celestial object had collided with the Earth at the time that the mass extinctions had occurred.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn

THIN EGG SHELL. “A study of Hypselosaurus dinosaur eggs from southern France and the Spanish Pyrenees concluded that shell thickness was abnormally thin in up to 90 % of the samples.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn

THE LINK. “The source of that iridium was proposed to be from a huge asteroid or comet that collided with the Earth, coinciding with the time of the mass extinctions.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn

CHICKEN DEFICIENCY STUDIES. “From this pathology it was suggested that the embryos were unable to mobilise Ca from the shell and that the consequent hypocalcaemia caused muscle weakness which prevented the chicken from breaking the egg shell.” https://lnkd.in/e5hTuW74 View in LinkedIn