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POU AND HOSPITAL WATER INFECTIONS. "Infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other waterborne pathogens (WBPs) are major contributors to serious morbidity and mortality in hospitals ... point-of-use (POU) water filtration might result in decreased risk of infection in the subacute care unit." http://lnkd.in/d9uXpFb View in LinkedIn

LONDON WATER PROBLEMS. "In May 2006 the leakage was nearly 900 megalitres per day (Ml/day) and in June that year Thames Water missed its target for leakage reduction for the third year in a row. The Consumer Council for Water, a customers' group, accused Thames Water for continuing to miss their targets for the past five years." http://lnkd.in/dPHvd8U View in LinkedIn

POU WATER SYSTEMS. "Portable water purification devices – better described as point-of-use (POU) water treatment systems and field water disinfection techniques – are self-contained units that can be used by recreational enthusiasts, military personnel, survivalists, and others who must obtain drinking water from untreated sources." Does this have a future in our private homes? http://lnkd.in/dTFBJ6P View in LinkedIn

LONDON WATER INFRASTRUCTURE. "Every day, Thames Water ... treats and supplies 2.6 gigalitres (2.6×10(9) litres) of potable tap water from 102 water treatment works via 288 ... pumping stations through 31,100 km (19,300 mi) of ... mains to 9 million customers (3.6 million properties) across London and ... 30 raw water reservoirs and 235 underground service reservoirs." http://lnkd.in/dPHvd8U View in LinkedIn

PVC WATER PIPING. "Of all the plastics, PVC plastic or vinyl can be considered the most problematic. Because PVC on its own is almost useless as a plastic, numerous additives are used to make a wide variety of products. Some of these additives are plasticizers to make it soft and pliable, heavy metals as stabilizers or to give it color, and fungicides to stop fungi from eating the other additives." Many are toxic. http://www.zerowasteamerica.org/watertreatment.htm View in LinkedIn

AGING WATER DISTRIBUTION INFRASTRUCTURE contributes to the problems of centralized water distribution. Urbanization has needed a vast infrastructure of piping between the water treatment plant and the domestic tap, with an inevitable diminishing chlorine concentration gradient, and lots of niches to harbor resistant pathogens. Point-of-use (POU) and point-of-entry (POE) sterilization at destination is worthy of consideration. View in LinkedIn

INTELLIGENT IRRIGATION. "Approximately 70% of the world's freshwater is used by the agricultural industry. Applying a more intelligent approach to water management by deploying precision irrigation systems and computer algorithms and modelling is already beginning to bring benefits to farmers in developed countries." http://lnkd.in/dyFamKB View in LinkedIn

SMART TECHNOLOGY. "New monitoring technologies help companies to ensure the integrity of their vast water supply networks. Electronic instruments, such as pressure and acoustic sensors, connected wirelessly in real time to centralised and cloud-based monitoring systems will allow companies to detect and pinpoint leaks much quicker." http://lnkd.in/dyFamKB View in LinkedIn

CASE AGAINST INVESTMENT. "It does not make commercial sense to invest billions in additional reservoirs and water catchment, treatment plants [and] pumping stations, when as much as 60% of water produced is unaccounted for," says Dale Hartley, director of business development at SebaKMT, a water leak detection specialist." http://lnkd.in/dyFamKB View in LinkedIn

ESTIMATES OF $3-5 TRILLION have been made for replacing the aging US water infrastructure. Clearly, this is unlikely to happen. As urbanization trends increase and more people live in cities, and as all the problems with chlorination byproducts emerge, point-of-use water purification systems in homes or small communities start to make sense. http://cei.org/sites/default/files/Bonner%2520Cohen%2520-%2520Fixing%2520America's%2520Water%2520Infrastructure.pdf View in LinkedIn