Category: Uncategorized

PVC WATER PIPING. "Of all the plastics, PVC plastic or vinyl can be considered the most problematic. Because PVC on its own is almost useless as a plastic, numerous additives are used to make a wide variety of products. Some of these additives are plasticizers to make it soft and pliable, heavy metals as stabilizers or to give it color, and fungicides to stop fungi from eating the other additives." Many are toxic. http://www.zerowasteamerica.org/watertreatment.htm View in LinkedIn

AGING WATER DISTRIBUTION INFRASTRUCTURE contributes to the problems of centralized water distribution. Urbanization has needed a vast infrastructure of piping between the water treatment plant and the domestic tap, with an inevitable diminishing chlorine concentration gradient, and lots of niches to harbor resistant pathogens. Point-of-use (POU) and point-of-entry (POE) sterilization at destination is worthy of consideration. View in LinkedIn

INTELLIGENT IRRIGATION. "Approximately 70% of the world's freshwater is used by the agricultural industry. Applying a more intelligent approach to water management by deploying precision irrigation systems and computer algorithms and modelling is already beginning to bring benefits to farmers in developed countries." http://lnkd.in/dyFamKB View in LinkedIn

SMART TECHNOLOGY. "New monitoring technologies help companies to ensure the integrity of their vast water supply networks. Electronic instruments, such as pressure and acoustic sensors, connected wirelessly in real time to centralised and cloud-based monitoring systems will allow companies to detect and pinpoint leaks much quicker." http://lnkd.in/dyFamKB View in LinkedIn

CASE AGAINST INVESTMENT. "It does not make commercial sense to invest billions in additional reservoirs and water catchment, treatment plants [and] pumping stations, when as much as 60% of water produced is unaccounted for," says Dale Hartley, director of business development at SebaKMT, a water leak detection specialist." http://lnkd.in/dyFamKB View in LinkedIn

ESTIMATES OF $3-5 TRILLION have been made for replacing the aging US water infrastructure. Clearly, this is unlikely to happen. As urbanization trends increase and more people live in cities, and as all the problems with chlorination byproducts emerge, point-of-use water purification systems in homes or small communities start to make sense. http://cei.org/sites/default/files/Bonner%2520Cohen%2520-%2520Fixing%2520America's%2520Water%2520Infrastructure.pdf View in LinkedIn

US EPA ON INTRUSION PROBLEMS. Low or negative water pipe pressures, especially below the water table, result in up to 50% of the pipes being contaminated with fecal bacteria and viruses from outside the distribution system (a study of 8 facilities in 6 US states). http://lnkd.in/dduVeJq View in LinkedIn

NO CLEAN CHOICES. "In California, 680 community water systems are forced to rely solely upon a contaminated groundwater source. Nearly 40 percent of these water treatment systems have been in violation of standards, according to the California Department of Public Health." http://www.watertechonline.com/articles/166470-infusing-technology-into-the-drinking-water-industrys-future View in LinkedIn

US WATER QUALITY VIOLATIONS. "In 2011, there were 8,322 reported violations of maximum contaminant levels affecting 14,915,599 people. There were 109,167 total violations from all categories in 2011 — a big increase from 2010 where there were only 75,857 total violations." http://www.watertechonline.com/articles/166470-infusing-technology-into-the-drinking-water-industrys-future View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENTED WATER SYSTEMS. "There are approximately 161,000 public water systems in the U.S., including about 53,000 community water systems, the remainder are non community systems. Of those, an alarmingly high number have been found violating maximum contaminant levels or treatment standards." http://www.watertechonline.com/articles/166470-infusing-technology-into-the-drinking-water-industrys-future View in LinkedIn