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"WHILE ALTERNATIVE DISINFECTANTS (including chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet radiation) are available, all disinfection methods have unique benefits, limitations, and costs. Water system managers must consider these factors, and design a disinfection approach to match each system's characteristics and source water quality." http://www.waterandhealth.org/drinkingwater/wp.html View in LinkedIn

BIOFILTRATION HELPS. "Although pre-ozonation may increase the formation of trihaloacetaldehydes or selected HNMs during post-chlorination or chloramination, biofiltration may reduce the formation potential of these by-products." http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/367/1904/4077.full View in LinkedIn

BIOFILTRATION HELPS. "Although pre-ozonation may increase the formation of trihaloacetaldehydes or selected HNMs during post-chlorination or chloramination, biofiltration may reduce the formation potential of these by-products." http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/367/1904/4077.full View in LinkedIn

NO STANDARD METHODS exist for water purification, and essentially each plant uses its own cookbook and set of analytics. Because of this, apples-to-apples comparisons is relatively impossible. Analytics, which demand sophisticated labs, are very inadequate, given the hundreds of chemicals of concern, and limited budgets. http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/367/1904/4077.full View in LinkedIn

NO PERFECT ALTERNATIVES. "Alternative primary or secondary disinfectants to chlorine (e.g. chloramines, chlorine dioxide, ozone, ultraviolet) that minimize the formation of some of the regulated DBPs may increase the formation of some of the emerging by-products." Not the last word. http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/367/1904/4077.full View in LinkedIn

1999 EPA MANUAL ON ALTERNATIVES for water purification including chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, chloramine, peroxone, ultraviolet, or combination methods. http://lnkd.in/d46ur_y View in LinkedIn

COSTS OF WHOLE HOME CHLORINE FILTERS. "The GREEN-CARBON-10 water filter effectively adsorbs chlorine, chloramines, odors & VOCs to deliver chemical-free water to every faucet in your home ... coconut activated carbon media ... Perfect for average homes ... Easy to install, trouble-free, low water consumption system. Filtration media lasts for 5-6 years." ($719). http://lnkd.in/dy7W-F3 View in LinkedIn

CHLORAMINE REMOVAL FROM WATER. A comprehensive summary of options. http://lnkd.in/dwWR_N3 View in LinkedIn

"CHLORAMINE is being increasingly used by water municipalities because it is more persistent than chlorine. It is desirable to remove this also from household water. " http://lnkd.in/dwWR_N3 View in LinkedIn

CHLORINE REMOVAL FROM WATER. "Install a carbon filter dechlorination system to filter your home's entire water system. These tank systems come in a variety of tank sizes, but they may be the most expensive dechlorination option. This method provides total dechlorination of the home water supply. The filters require some care," http://lnkd.in/dXUArcR View in LinkedIn